In this enlightening conversation, De Kai, a pioneering AI researcher and creator of early machine translation systems, shares insights from his book, Raising AI. He challenges outdated views of AI as mere tools, emphasizing the significance of recognizing AI as artificial psychological entities that learn from us. De Kai introduces a parenting framework for our daily interactions with AIs, highlighting the responsibility we bear in shaping their behavior. He offers a thought-provoking perspective on how our digital habits can influence AI outcomes and drive cultural understanding.
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question_answer ANECDOTE
An Oppenheimer Moment Shaped His Book
De Kai describes an "Oppenheimer moment" and childhood visits to Fermilab that shaped his concerns about existential risk.
He links those memories to today's risks from proliferating AI-powered weapons and biological tools.
insights INSIGHT
AIs Are Artificial Psychological Entities
We misframe AIs as machines like toasters, which hides their social and psychological effects.
De Kai argues AIs are artificial psychological entities that imitate and influence us constantly.
insights INSIGHT
We're Parenting Hundreds Of AIs Daily
Each person carries dozens of AIs in their devices that watch, learn, and imitate human behavior.
De Kai warns these artificial psychologies now vastly outnumber human minds in our social fabric.
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In this conversation, we explore how humans can better navigate the AI era with De Kai, pioneering researcher who built the web's first machine translation systems and whose work spawned Google Translate. Drawing on four decades of AI research experience, De Kai offers a different framework for understanding our relationship with artificial intelligence—moving beyond outdated metaphors toward more constructive approaches.
De Kai's perspective was shaped by observing how AI technologies are being deployed in ways that increase rather than decrease human understanding. While AI has tremendous potential to help people communicate across cultural and linguistic differences—as his translation work demonstrated—current implementations often amplify polarization and misunderstanding instead.
Key themes we explore:
Beyond Machine Metaphors: Why thinking of AI as "tools" or "machines" is dangerously outdated—AI systems are fundamentally artificial psychological entities that learn, adapt, and influence human behavior in ways no coffee maker ever could
The Parenting Framework: De Kai's central insight that we're all currently "parenting" roughly 100 artificial intelligences daily through our smartphones, tablets, and devices—AIs that are watching, learning, and imitating our attitudes, behaviors, and belief systems
System One vs. System Two Intelligence: How current large language models operate primarily through "artificial autism"—brilliant pattern matching without the reflective, critical thinking capacities that characterize mature human intelligence
Translation as Understanding: Moving beyond simple language translation toward what De Kai calls a "translation mindset"—using AI to help humans understand different cultural framings and perspectives rather than enforcing singular universal truths
The Reframing Superpower: How AI's capacity for rapid perspective-shifting and metaphorical reasoning represents one of humanity's best hopes for breaking out of polarized narratives and finding common ground
Social Fabric Transformation: Understanding how 800 billion artificial minds embedded in our social networks are already reshaping how cultures and civilizations evolve—often in ways that increase rather than decrease mutual understanding
Drawing on insights from developmental psychology and complex systems, De Kai's "Raising AI" framework emphasizes conscious human responsibility in shaping how these artificial minds develop. Rather than viewing this as an overwhelming burden, he frames it as an opportunity for humans to become more intentional about the values and behaviors they model—both for AI systems and for each other.
About De Kai: De Kai is Professor of Computer Science and Engineering at HKUST and Distinguished Research Scholar at Berkeley’s International Computer Science Institute. He is Independent Director of AI ethics think tank The Future Society, and was one of eight inaugural members of Google’s AI ethics council. De Kai invented and built the world’s first global-scale online language translator that spawned Google Translate, Yahoo Translate, and Microsoft Bing Translator. For his pioneering contributions in AI, natural language processing, and machine learning, De Kai was honored by the Association for Computational Linguistics as one of only seventeen Founding Fellows and by Debrett’s as one of the 100 most influential figures of Hong Kong.
Artificiality: Being with AI 
