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- Nationalistic aspirations and Pan-Slavic movement fueled tensions in the Balkans, setting the stage for future conflicts.
- The Bosnian Crisis of 1908 highlighted complex alliances and power struggles that eventually led to World War I.
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The Balkans and the Eastern Question
During the late 19th century, major European powers like Russia, Britain, France, Germany, and Austria-Hungary saw the declining Ottoman Empire as an opportunity for territorial and economic gains. Russia, aiming to control the Black Sea basin and access the Mediterranean, played a strategic game in the Balkans, driven by military, economic, and ideological reasons based on Orthodox Christianity. Nationalistic aspirations among ethnic groups like Serbs, Bulgarians, and Albanians, coupled with the Pan-Slavic movement, led to uprisings and tensions in the region, setting the stage for future conflicts.
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