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Lawrence Grossman, "Living in Both Worlds: Modern Orthodox Judaism in the United States, 1945-2025" (Academic Studies Press, 2025)

Oct 12, 2025
Lawrence Grossman, a historian, rabbi, and seasoned staff member of the American Jewish Committee, discusses his book on Modern Orthodox Judaism. He explores the movement's unique identity since WWII, diverging from both ultra-Orthodoxy and Conservative Judaism. Grossman examines the impact of feminism, LGBTQ rights, and academic biblical scholarship, while also addressing how contemporary issues may reshape American Orthodoxy. He contrasts American and Israeli Modern Orthodoxy, highlighting differing concerns and cultural dynamics.
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INSIGHT

Modern Orthodoxy Is Demographically Small

  • Modern Orthodoxy in the U.S. is a relatively small subgroup, roughly 160–170k people according to Pew-based estimates.
  • The movement's institutions include the OU, Young Israel, and the Rabbinical Council of America, but leadership is less centralized today.
INSIGHT

Postwar Shifts Solidified Boundaries

  • After WWII Conservative Judaism institutionalized moves away from halakha, creating clearer boundaries with Orthodoxy.
  • The postwar influx of more observant European Jews further pulled American Orthodoxy to the right and strengthened identity distinctions.
ANECDOTE

Mixed Dancing Removed From Synagogues

  • Grossman recounts how mixed social dancing was once common in Orthodox communities before postwar arrivals objected.
  • He relays a story of an honored past leader who refused an award because he couldn't dance with his wife anymore.
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