Politics, Augustine and the City of God | Prof. Matthew Mehan & Prof. Chad Pecknold
Apr 25, 2024
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Prof. Mehan & Prof. Pecknold discuss Augustine's contrast with Cicero on justice, faith, and providence, emphasizing the role of a transcendent standard in upholding Rome's justice. They explore free will, divine causation, and the priesthood in the City of God, highlighting Augustine's views on soul, property, and divine agency. The discussion also touches on Republicanism, providence, and tolerance for error in peaceful frameworks.
Augustine highlights Cicero's influence on justice and faith.
Augustine emphasizes the necessity of aligning political structures with a higher standard of justice.
Deep dives
Cicero's Influence on Augustine's Views
Cicero's impact on Augustine's philosophical views is profound, with Augustine acknowledging Cicero's significance in shaping his understanding of justice and faith. Augustine highlights Cicero's role in the Romanization of Hellenic thought, refining Greek philosophies for clearer comprehension. Despite Cicero's contributions to moral philosophy and governance, Augustine differentiates their views on religion and metaphysics, critiquing Cicero's lack of faith in a higher omniscient being.
Justice and Good Faith in Rome
Augustine delves into the relationship between justice and faith in Rome, critiquing Roman practices and beliefs. He contrasts Cicero's concept of justice encompassing both fairness and generosity with the presence of false gods hindering true faith and virtue. Augustine argues that Rome's adherence to pagan beliefs results in societal injustice despite Cicero's emphasis on virtues and concord. He underscores the importance of genuine faith and adherence to a transcendent God for establishing true justice and harmony within a society.
The Role of Religion in Political Governance
In discussing the interplay between religion and politics, Augustine elaborates on the significance of a transcendent and providential God in shaping governance. He contrasts Cicero's idea of a deity integrated into the world with a more transcendent view that allows for freedom and human agency alongside divine foreknowledge. Augustine emphasizes the necessity of aligning political structures with a higher standard of justice and the common good, highlighting the pivotal role of faith in achieving a well-ordered commonwealth.
Pluralism and Tolerance in Augustine's Framework
Within Augustine's framework, religious pluralism is viewed through the lens of tolerance and the pursuit of truth. While recognizing the potential for different beliefs, Augustine advocates for tolerance towards error but emphasizes the need for adherence to revealed truth. He distinguishes between pluralism that aligns with the pursuit of virtue and concord, and pluralism that veers towards discord and erroneous beliefs. Augustine's stance on pluralism underscores the importance of fostering a society that upholds genuine faith, justice, and respect for individual dignity.