N.S. Lyons, a geopolitical analyst and Substack writer with deep insights into China, delves into the evolving global landscape. He challenges the waning Bipolarity and critiques the bureaucracies limiting free speech in Europe. The discussion touches on the clash of traditional values and modern 'woke' ideologies, exploring how the pandemic exposed the limitations of technocratic authority. Lyons emphasizes the need for grassroots movements and critiques the disconnect between liberal democracy and individual engagement, bringing urgency to discussions of nationalism and sovereignty.
The long 20th century's liberal project has weakened social cohesion by neglecting traditional identities, causing current political turmoil.
Populist revolts arise from dissatisfaction with technocratic governance, reflecting a rejection of an open society that overlooks community ties.
The concept of 'thumos' signifies a resurgence of passionate civic engagement, challenging the constraints of managerialism and advocating for identity.
Deep dives
The End of the Long 20th Century
The discussion opens with the concept of the 'long 20th century,' which began after World War II and has been defined by the need to prevent the horrors of past conflicts, including the Holocaust. This period is characterized by a drive to create an 'open society' that opposes strong nationalistic and passionate identities, deemed dangerous. The speakers argue that this liberal project has been rooted in a desire to avoid the mistakes of the past, leading to the neglect of traditions and attachments that bind people to their communities. Consequently, the effects of this shift result in a weakened societal fabric lacking cohesive identity, contributing to current tumultuous political climates.
Rejection of the Open Society Consensus
The discussion highlights a populist revolt against the managerial state that emerged due to dissatisfaction with the closed-off nature of the open society. This revolt stems from a widespread feeling that the technocratic governance and strict control over issues like immigration have sidelined the populace's voice. People have reacted against what they perceive as an oppressive and stagnant governance style that prioritizes safety over individual freedoms. Hence, this rebellion is framed not just as a response to poor governance but also as a fundamental rejection of an imposed open society that fails to honor human nature and community ties.
The Role of Thumos in Society
The concept of 'thumos,' representing spiritedness and righteous indignation, surfaces as a key driving force behind the current societal shift. The speakers argue that the bureaucratic and safety-conscious climate has stifled this vital aspect of human nature, leading individuals to seek fulfillment through external struggles. Figures like Donald Trump symbolize a resurgence of this thumotic energy as an embodiment of rebellion against the constraints of the open society. This return to thumos challenges the central tenets of managerialism by advocating for a more passionate and engaged civic life.
The Dangers of Nationalism vs. Liberal Values
The conversation explores the tension between nationalism and liberal values, with a focus on how the fear of nationalism has historically led to the deconstruction of societal ties. The argument posits that nationalism, while potentially dangerous, is also a necessary component of identity and community cohesion. The inability to make distinctions about citizenship and belonging due to liberal dogmas has weakened societies, making them vulnerable. This highlights the importance of reinstating strong values that connect communities without reverting to unwarranted exclusionary practices.
Geopolitical Implications of Sociopolitical Shifts
The dialogue transitions to how the internal shifts in Western societies may affect international relations, particularly concerning China's ambitions. The speakers suggest that a revitalized, confident West may alter the current dynamics with China, which has been banking on Western decline. If populations rediscover their strength and identity, particularly through nationalistic revival or committed societal engagement, this might prompt a reevaluation of China’s strategic approach. Such transformations may result in a world that is increasingly fragmented and competitive, presenting both new challenges and opportunities for global interactions.
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With increasing Western reliance on Chinese manufacturing, technology and communications, is bipolarity just a relic of another era? Geopolitical analyst NS Lyons joins UnHerd’s Freddie Sayers to discuss the new world order and what it might bring for Britain and America.
