Exploring if motor learning principles apply to expert athletes, study focuses on effects of focus of attention and self-controlled practice on free throw accuracy in basketball. Results show benefits of external and holistic attention conditions, supporting autonomy and optimized performance through individualized training choices.
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Quick takeaways
Player choice enhances performance in skilled athletes regardless of attention focus.
External and holistic attention conditions improve skilled athletes' performance compared to internal and control conditions.
Deep dives
Study on Optimal Theory in Skilled Athletes
A recent study delves into whether the principles of motor learning research, specifically those proposed by the optimal theory, apply to highly skilled athletes compared to novices. The study investigates the impact of factors like external focus of attention, variability of practice, and choice in autonomous practice on elite athletes. It explores how autonomy support and attentional focus interact to influence training for basketball shooters, challenging the notion that these concepts mainly benefit novices.
Experimental Design and Focus Conditions
The study involves 56 experienced basketball players and examines how autonomy support and attentional focus affect free throw training. Participants were divided into self-controlled and yoked groups and experienced internal, external, holistic, and control attention conditions during free throw practice. The design aimed to test the effects of player choice, attentional focus, and their combined influence on free throw accuracy, shedding light on the nuances of skill acquisition and performance enhancements for skilled athletes.
Findings on Skill Performance and Learning
Results indicate that self-control group outperformed the yoked group, demonstrating the benefits of player choice in practice regardless of attentional focus condition. External and holistic attention conditions led to improved performance compared to internal and control conditions, aligning with predictions based on optimal theory. However, the study did not find clear evidence of additive effects when combining player choice and attentional focus, providing partial support for the principles outlined in the optimal theory. The research emphasizes the importance of relevant choices and individualized attentional cues in optimizing skill performance and learning outcomes for skilled athletes.