Political Poems: 'When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd' by Walt Whitman
Jul 28, 2024
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This discussion delves into Walt Whitman's poignant elegy for Abraham Lincoln, focusing on how it intertwines personal grief with collective mourning. The speakers unpack Whitman's disdain for his famous work, 'O Captain! My Captain!', revealing deeper layers of emotion and symbolism in 'When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd.' They highlight Whitman's cosmic vision that connects the loss of Lincoln to the broader tragedy of the Civil War, featuring the redemptive voice of a thrush as a symbol of hope amidst sorrow.
Whitman's poem 'When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd' reframes Lincoln's assassination as a symbol of hope and healing for America post-Civil War.
The poem's rich symbolism, including the lilac and hermit thrush, intertwines personal grief with a broader reflection on national loss and unity.
Deep dives
Walt Whitman's Admiration for Lincoln
Walt Whitman's admiration for President Abraham Lincoln is a central theme in his poetry. He viewed Lincoln as a savior figure for America, sharing a similar background of limited formal education and a rise from humble beginnings. Whitman's deep emotional investment in Lincoln’s presidency was evident even before Lincoln's assassination, as he frequented the White House and perceived Lincoln as a representation of hope for national unity. The assassination profoundly affected Whitman, leading him to channel his grief into poetry that memorializes Lincoln's legacy and contemplates the future of a reunited America.
The Significance of 'When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd'
The poem 'When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd' expresses Whitman's response to Lincoln's assassination while incorporating broader themes of death and rebirth. In this elegy, Whitman reframes Lincoln's death as a symbol of hope for America, suggesting a potential for healing after the Civil War. The poem employs rich symbolism, using the lilac, the western star, and the hermit thrush to represent various aspects of Lincoln's life and death, as well as the cycle of life itself. Through these symbols, Whitman crafts a meditation on the national loss and the possibility of unity, elevating Lincoln's martyrdom to a cosmic level.
Exploration of Elegy and the Political Context
Whitman's approach to elegy in his poetry represents a nuanced intersection of personal grief and political commentary. Unlike traditional elegies, Whitman’s work seeks to transcend individual sorrow for a greater societal reflection, making Lincoln’s death a metaphor for the collective sacrifices made during the Civil War. He contrasts this with his earlier works, which focused on vivid individual experiences, by adopting a more allegorical style that unifies the symbols of nature with the act of mourning. This thematic shift not only elevates the act of remembering Lincoln but also evokes a sense of hope for reconciliation in a fractured nation.
Whitman wrote several poetic responses to the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. He came to detest his most famous, ‘O Captain! My Captain!’, and in ‘When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd’ Lincoln is not imagined in presidential terms but contained within a love elegy that attempts to unite his death with the 600,000 deaths of the civil war and reconfigure the assassination as a symbolic birth of the new America. Seamus and Mark discuss Whitman’s cosmic vision, with its grand democratic vistas populated by small observations of rural and urban life, and his use of a thrush as a redemptive poetic voice.
Mark Ford is Professor of English at University College, London, and Seamus Perry is Professor of English Literature at Balliol College, Oxford.
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