New Books Network

Elissa Bemporad, "Jews in the Soviet Union: A History: Revolution, Civil War, and New Ways of Life, 1917–1930, Vol. 1" (NYU Press, 2025)

Oct 29, 2025
Elissa Bemporad, Ungar Chair in East European Jewish History and Holocaust, discusses her new volume on early Soviet Jewish history. She explores the pivotal years of 1917-1930, detailing three major turning points. Bemporad highlights the richness of regional Jewish identities and how Soviet policies reshaped cultural life. She contrasts the era's duality as the 'best and worst of times' for Jews amidst emancipation and anti-Semitism. The impact of Soviet family laws on women's rights also takes center stage, alongside her ongoing biographical work on Esther Frumkin.
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INSIGHT

Violence Made Jews Soviet

  • The Civil War and ensuing pogroms made many Jews align with the Bolsheviks as a survival strategy rather than ideological conversion.
  • The creation and later liquidation of the Jewish section (Yevsektsia) framed a distinct formative era for Soviet Jews from 1917–1930.
INSIGHT

Archives Reveal Nuanced Realities

  • Post-1991 archival access complicates the older lachrymose Cold War narrative of Soviet Jewish history.
  • New documents reveal nuanced choices and preservation efforts within Soviet Jewish institutions, not only destruction.
INSIGHT

State Tools Reshaped Jewish Identity

  • Soviet institutions reshaped Jewish life by promoting secular, socialist identities through state-run schools and cultural programs.
  • Ironically, state-sponsored Yiddish schools and Jewish institutions sometimes reinforced ethnic identity while secularizing content.
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