Dr. Neeta Pardanani Connally, an Acarologist and tick expert, discusses tick removal, yard spraying, landscaping's impact on tick exposure, and the spreading of Lyme Disease. She also covers protecting pets, the Lone Star Tick, and the CC poppyseed muffin mishap.
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Quick takeaways
Ticks use saliva to avoid detection and feed for several days, understanding their questing behavior aids in prevention.
Perform thorough tick checks on the body, including crevices and under clothing, to prevent Lyme disease transmission.
Abundance of ticks linked to deforestation, deer populations, and fragmented landscapes; awareness of symptoms crucial for early Lyme disease diagnosis.
Deep dives
Understanding Tick Behavior and Life Cycle
Ticks, particularly black-legged ticks, are arachnids related to spiders and mites. They have specific features that distinguish them from insects, such as having a single body segment and eight legs. Tick nymphs have six legs but molt into adults with eight legs. They are parasitic and need a blood meal to survive, using saliva to avoid detection and feed for several days. Understanding their questing behavior, where ticks wait for hosts by vegetation, aids in prevention.
Managing Tick Bites and Prevention
Performing thorough tick checks on the body, including crevices and under clothing, is crucial to prevent Lyme disease transmission. Regular bathing after outdoor activities helps wash off ticks and inspecting clothes for ticks before wearing them. Using permethrin-treated clothing or sprays can effectively repel and kill ticks. Removing ticks within 24 hours reduces the risk of Lyme disease transmission.
Lyme Disease Symptoms and Diagnosis
Lyme disease early symptoms may include flu-like symptoms and a characteristic bull's eye rash. While the rash is a common indicator, it may go unnoticed if not painful or itchy, appearing three to 30 days post infection. Lyme disease can progress to severe arthritis, neurological issues, and cardiac problems in later stages. Understanding the symptoms aids in early diagnosis and treatment.
Expansion of Tick Populations and Diseases
The abundance of ticks is linked to factors like deforestation, increased deer populations, and the fragmentation of forest landscapes. Tick-borne diseases like Lyme are spreading geographically, with ticks being found in multiple U.S. states. The emergence of invasive species like the Asian Longhorn tick poses new challenges and risks for disease transmission.
Importance of Treating Pets for Ticks
Treating pets with tick-preventing products throughout the year is crucial to prevent tick bites. Pets going outdoors can increase the risk of tick exposure, making year-round treatment necessary. Products like tick collars and oral preventatives help kill ticks before they can feed completely, reducing the risk of transmission.
Environmental Factors Contributing to Tick Exposure
Factors like forested habitats with leaf litter and white-tailed deer contribute to tick abundance. Invasive shrubs like Japanese barberry can also foster tick survival, emphasizing the importance of landscape management to reduce tick habitats. Understanding tick behaviors and habitats, such as moist ground covers, can aid in prevention strategies to minimize tick encounters.
Ticks: They’re tiny. They’re thirsty. They’re drooling vectors of various illnesses and they want nothing more than to cuddle up to your darkest crevices. In the episode, learn how to remove a tick, if you should spray your yard and with what, how landscaping affects tick exposure, why Lyme Disease is spreading, the Lone Star Tick rolling into town, how to protect your pets and why the CC ruined poppyseed muffins. Acarologist, medical entomologist and tick expert Dr. Neeta Pardanani Connally chats with me from her West Connecticut State University Tick Lab to discuss al of these things and to charm her way into your heart like a hypostome under your skin.