Tolkien, Philosopher of War: A Conversation with Graham McAleer
Jan 30, 2025
auto_awesome
Graham McAleer, a Professor of Philosophy at Loyola University and author of Tolkien, Philosopher of War, dives deep into J.R.R. Tolkien's philosophical and theological views on war. He elaborates on how Tolkien's experiences in World War I shaped his narratives, revealing the complex interplay of violence and morality. The discussion highlights themes of vanity, mortality, and the darker sides of human nature, while also examining Tolkien's critique of political ideologies. This rich conversation offers fresh perspectives for fans of Tolkien and military philosophy alike.
Tolkien's critique of Enlightenment thought reveals his deep concerns about the apocalyptic politics and progressivism of his era.
McAleer underscores how Tolkien's portrayal of the Shire symbolizes peace amidst the inevitability of war, reflecting his philosophical insights on human nature.
Deep dives
Professor McAleer's Journey with Tolkien
Professor McAleer's connection with J.R.R. Tolkien began through his students' enthusiasm for the film adaptations, which prompted him to create courses focused on Tolkien's philosophical themes. Over time, he noticed a decline in students' familiarity with Tolkien's characters and storylines, leading him to delve deeper into Tolkien's letters and writings. McAleer found these letters revealed a profound philosophical dimension to Tolkien, particularly as he became preoccupied with metaphysical and theological ideas in his later life. This exploration ultimately intensified McAleer's interest in Tolkien and laid the groundwork for his book, 'Tolkien Philosopher of War.'
The Philosophical Core of Tolkien's Work
The podcast discusses how McAleer shifted his teaching focus from general moral principles in Tolkien's work to a specific examination of the philosophy of war present in his writings. Through his classes, McAleer sought to highlight the intricate relationship between warfare and the themes of violence and order that permeate Tolkien's narratives. He discovered that Tolkien explicitly acknowledged war as a central theme, which often reflects Tolkien's own experiences in World War I. By examining these elements in detail, McAleer aimed to contribute to the existing scholarship on Tolkien, which had previously overlooked the depth of philosophical inquiry concerning war within his stories.
The Shire and Its Strategic Significance
The significance of the Shire is explored in the context of warfare as it symbolizes a fertile, peaceful land that contrasts with the overwhelming violence of the outside world. Professor McAleer illustrates how Tolkien intricately wove geography and strategy into his narratives, asserting that the lush landscapes of the Shire are not merely idyllic settings but also serve as a focal point for understanding the broader implications of war. He draws parallels between Tolkien's own military maps from World War I and the strategic landscapes depicted in 'The Lord of the Rings.' This connection emphasizes that beneath the surface lies an intense awareness of how beauty and warfare coexist and influence one another.
Tolkien's Perspective on Humanity and War
Tolkien viewed war as an inescapable aspect of human existence, driven by an innate dissatisfaction with what is good and beautiful, leading to conflict and struggle. This grim perspective on humanity is mirrored in his portrayal of the characters in his works, particularly the frailty of human nature, which grapples with the consequences of ambition and temptation. McAleer emphasizes that, rather than glorifying war, Tolkien presents it as a reality fraught with suffering, where ennoblement arises from acts of sacrifice and acceptance of death. This philosophy highlights the duality of human experience, revealing the tension between the desire for peace and the recurring cycle of violence throughout history.
In this episode, we explore the profound philosophical and theological dimensions of J.R.R. Tolkien's work, particularly his views on war. In his book Tolkien, Philosopher of War(Catholic University of America Press, 2024), McAleer uncovers Tolkien's critique of Enlightenment thought and his deep concern with the apocalyptic politics of his time. He argues that Tolkien’s metaphysical, political, and aesthetic views—shaped by a rejection of gnosticism, a defense of monarchy, and a resistance to Futurism—offer a unique perspective on the dangers of progressivism and total war. We explore Tolkien’s personal experience which inform his writings and the processes by which he was able to sculpt these great works and systems of thought. This conversation sheds light on Tolkien's modern critique of political ideologies and offers new insights for readers of Catholic studies, war philosophy, and Tolkien Studies alike.
Contributions to and/or sponsorship of any speaker does not constitute departmental or institutional endorsement of the specific program, speakers or views presented.