Keren Landman, a Vox senior reporter and former doctor, dives into the debate on antibacterial versus regular soap. They explore the effectiveness of different soaps, revealing that regular soap is often just as effective for everyday use. Keren discusses FDA regulations and concerns over antibacterial ingredients. The conversation also touches on broader cultural issues, including women's reproductive rights and shifts in societal attitudes towards health. It's an eye-opening discussion that blends hygiene with a look at contemporary social topics.
Regular soap effectively removes dirt and bacteria through mechanical action, making it sufficient for maintaining hygiene in most situations.
Antibacterial soaps contain additional chemicals to kill germs, but their routine use is not necessary for average home handwashing.
Deep dives
Understanding Soap and Its Mechanism
Soap works primarily by acting as an emulsifier, which helps lift dirt and bacteria from surfaces like skin. Traditional soap consists of a mixture that binds to both water and greasy substances, allowing dirt to be washed away effectively. Throughout history, the composition of soap has evolved, with modern formulations often emphasizing comfort and ease of use to encourage frequent handwashing. This mechanical action of soap, rather than its antimicrobial properties, is central to its effectiveness in maintaining hygiene.
Antibacterial vs. Regular Soap
Antibacterial soaps contain added chemicals designed to kill germs, whereas regular soap simply removes them from surfaces. In 2016, the FDA banned numerous harmful antimicrobial ingredients, yet allowed a few safe ones to remain available for consumers. The consensus is that the average person does not require antibacterial soap for routine handwashing at home, as good hygiene can be achieved effectively with regular soap. Furthermore, excessive use of antibacterial products may inadvertently promote skin irritation and resistance in bacteria.
Effective Hand Hygiene Practices
For most common situations, alcohol-based hand sanitizers have been deemed more effective than plain soap, particularly in killing germs. However, when hands are visibly dirty or contaminated with specific pathogens like norovirus, soap and water are recommended. Proper handwashing techniques involve surrounding bacteria with enough soap to ensure they slide off easily when rinsed. Ultimately, maintaining good hand hygiene includes knowing when to use soap or hand sanitizer based on the circumstances and type of contamination.
When it gets cold outside, we get colds inside. We also get the flu. And RSV. And — lately — norovirus. We all know that washing our hands helps defend against illness. But with what? There’s too many kinds of soap, and not all of them will keep you healthy in every situation. Should you up the ante with antibacterial or does bar soap set the bar? This week on Explain It to Me, host Jonquilyn Hill breaks down the suds and bubbles with Vox senior reporter Keren Landman, MD.
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