Joshua May, "Neuroethics: Agency in the Age of Brain Science" (Oxford UP, 2023)
Oct 7, 2023
auto_awesome
Joshua May, author of 'Neuroethics: Agency in the Age of Brain Science', explores fascinating topics in neuroscience and ethics, such as the accessibility of his book for high school students, epiphenomenalism's impact on philosophy of mind, the applications and ethical concerns of neuromodulation, the significance of gut feelings in decision-making, and the mistreatment of animals in factory farming and potential solutions.
Acknowledging and managing biases is crucial for objective decision-making and scientific investigations.
Deep dives
Neuroethics and the Intersection of Ethics and Science
Dr. Joshua May, an associate professor of philosophy and psychology at the University of Alabama, delves into the interdisciplinary field of neuroethics. He discusses how ethics and social change intersect with the field of science, specifically neuroscience. Dr. May highlights the ethical issues raised by neuroscience, such as medical ethics and the treatment of patients with brain conditions. He explains that neuroscience can also shed light on classical questions in moral philosophy, such as the concept of free will and the origins of moral judgments. Overall, Dr. May's research aims to explore the ethical implications of neuroscience and human agency.
Brain Surgery, Identity, and Accountability
Dr. May examines the case study of Kevin, who experienced changes in his behavior and sexual interests after undergoing brain surgery for epilepsy. The case raises questions about personal responsibility and whether Kevin's actions should be attributed to the brain surgery. Similarly, Dr. May discusses the case of Herbert Weinstein, highlighting the role of deep brain stimulation in treating movement disorders and its potential side effects on personality and decision-making. He explores the ethical implications of brain interventions, such as the balance between modifying behavior for the better and preserving individual agency and identity.
The Role of Gut Feelings and Motivated Reasoning
Dr. May delves into the role of gut feelings and their connection to decision-making. He explains that gut feelings, though often distrusted, are rooted in trial-and-error experiences and evolutionary history. Additionally, he explores the concept of motivated reasoning, where our reasoning processes are influenced by our motivations and desires. Dr. May highlights how motivated reasoning can impact decision-making, scientific investigations, and the objectivity of science. He emphasizes the importance of acknowledging and managing biases in order to approach decision-making and scientific studies more objectively.
Accountability for Individuals with Mental Disorders
Dr. May discusses the complex issue of accountability for individuals with mental disorders. While some argue that individuals with mental disorders should not be held fully accountable for their actions, Dr. May emphasizes the need for a case-by-case assessment. He explores how mental disorders can vary in their impact on an individual's agency and control. Dr. May notes that mental disorders exist on a spectrum and that the degree of accountability should be evaluated based on an individual's circumstances, including their level of control and the specific nature of their disorder.
Reducetarianism and the Ethical Treatment of Animals
Dr. May shares his interest in the ethical treatment of animals, particularly in the context of factory farming. He discusses the concept of reducetarianism, which advocates for the reduction of animal product consumption rather than complete elimination. Dr. May argues that small steps toward reducing the consumption of animal products can contribute to making progress against factory farming. He highlights the ethical implications of our choices and the need to carefully consider the treatment of animals in the food industry.
Is free will an illusion? Is addiction a brain disease? Should we enhance our brains beyond normal? Neuroethics: Agency in the Age of Brain Science (Oxford UP, 2023) blends philosophical analysis with modern brain science to address these and other critical questions through captivating cases. The result is a nuanced view of human agency as surprisingly diverse and flexible. With a lively and accessible writing style, Neuroethics is an indispensable resource for students and scholars in both the sciences and humanities.
Joshua May is Associate Professor of Philosophy and Psychology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. He is the author of Regard for Reason in the Moral Mind (Oxford University Press, 2018) and co-editor of Agency in Mental Disorder (Oxford University Press, 2022).
Morteza Hajizadeh is a Ph.D. graduate in English from the University of Auckland in New Zealand. His research interests are Cultural Studies; Critical Theory; Environmental History; Medieval (Intellectual) History; Gothic Studies; 18th and 19th Century British Literature. YouTube channel. Twitter.