School of War Ep 191: Mark Dubowitz on Iran and the Trump Administration
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Apr 22, 2025 
Mark Dubowitz, CEO of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies and host of The Iran Breakdown podcast, is a leading expert on Iran's nuclear ambitions. In the discussion, he dives into Iran's evolving nuclear program and the ramifications of U.S. policy under the Trump administration. He provides insights into uranium enrichment and the potential for weaponization. Dubowitz also explores the implications of the JCPOA and the strategic landscape of Iran-Israel tensions, emphasizing the risks and complexities of negotiations in the region.
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Iran's Nuclear Weaponization Evidence
- Iran's nuclear program has pursued weaponization aspects for 20-30 years, not just civilian energy.
- Enrichment up to 60% uranium is for military purposes, close to weapons-grade uranium.
Uranium Enrichment Explained
- Uranium enrichment level dictates its use: 3.67% for civilian energy, 20% for research, 60% for nuclear submarines.
- 60% enrichment is a short step from weapons-grade uranium, enabling nuclear weapons.
Iran's Nuclear Expertise
- Iran possesses technical expertise and scientists capable of developing nuclear warheads.
- Iran has maintained nuclear weapon plans for over 20 years, with capabilities intact despite pauses.