History of Philosophy: India, Africana, China HPC 33. Let Us Count the Ways: What is Daoism?
Jun 29, 2025
Discover the fascinating interplay between Daoism and Confucianism, revealing their contrasting philosophies on life and governance. Unearth new insights from excavated texts that challenge traditional views of rivalry between these two schools. Delve into the complexities of Daoist thought as it unfolds through historical texts like the Laozi, showcasing its rich philosophical and religious dimensions. This discussion encourages a fresh reevaluation of the intricate tapestry of Chinese intellectual history.
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Daoism as a Retrospective Category
- Daoism was not originally a fixed school but a set of ideas recognized retrospectively during the early Han period.
- The Shiji praises Daoism for unifying and adapting ideas from other traditions like Confucianism and Mohism.
Contrasting Daoism and Confucianism
- Confucianism sees rulers as moral exemplars who must labor tirelessly, while Daoism advocates non-action and flowing with circumstances.
- The encounter between Kongzi and Laozi caricatures a tension but also acknowledges Daoist insight.
Laozi's Critique of Confucian Virtues
- Laozi chapter 19 advises abandoning Confucian virtues like sageliness and benevolence as mere ornaments.
- The text invites embracing simplicity and questions established moral values.
