20: Speaking Canadian and Australian English in a British-American binary
May 17, 2018
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Hosts Lauren Gawne and Gretchen McCulloch, along with guest Lynne Murphy, delve into the relationship between Canadian and Australian English and the dominant British and American varieties. They touch on topics such as the history and formation of Australian English, differences in language usage and spelling pronunciation in Canadian English, and the unique language distinctions between the national varieties. They also explore the semantic differences of words like 'soup' and 'frown' in UK versus North American usage.
Politeness strategies in British and American English differ, with the use of 'please' being essential in British English but potentially too explicit in American English, leading to confusion and cultural clashes.
Semantic differences can exist within seemingly shared words and concepts, as seen with the different meanings of 'frown' in British and American English, highlighting the importance of paying attention to small linguistic nuances.
Deep dives
The Differences Between British and American English Politeness
Lynn Murphy's book 'The Prodigal Tongue' explores the differences in politeness between British and American English. In British English, using the word 'please' is crucial for politeness, while in American English, it can sound too explicit and commanding. Americans tend to minimize the imposition by using different verb forms or asking in a more indirect manner. On the other hand, Brits believe that not using 'please' is impolite, regardless of other polite expressions used. This difference in politeness strategies can lead to confusion and cultural clashes between speakers of British and American English.
The Semantics of 'Frown' in British and American English
The word 'frown' in British English refers to furrowing of the brow to look serious, while in American English, it refers to a downturned mouth indicating a sad or disapproving expression. These differing meanings of "frown" have led to confusion and misunderstanding. Some people were surprised to discover the different definitions and the lack of realization in the language community for years. It highlights the importance of paying attention to small semantic differences that can exist within seemingly shared words and concepts.
The Canadian-American Spelling and Pronunciation Mismatch
In Canadian English, there exists a significant spelling-pronunciation mismatch when it comes to the word 'aluminum.' While Canadians pronounce it as 'aluminum,' most spelling guides recommend using the British spelling 'aluminium.' This discrepancy arose from inheriting the British spelling with the American pronunciation, resulting in an interesting linguistic quirk. It exemplifies the complexity of language variation and the compromises made in Canadian English.
The Different Prototypical Meanings of 'Soup' and 'Bacon'
The terms 'soup' and 'bacon' have prototypical meanings that differ between North American and British English. In North American English, 'soup' typically refers to brothy soups, such as chicken noodle or vegetable soup. In contrast, British English tends to associate 'soup' with pureed or cream soups, like cream of mushroom or tomato soup. Similarly, 'bacon' in North America refers to long, slender strips with streaks of meat and fat, while in the UK, it often signifies back bacon, resembling a small pork chop. These differences in prototypical meanings highlight variations in food culture and regional culinary preferences.
Australian and Canadian English don’t sound much alike, but they have one big similarity: they’re both national varieties that tend to get overshadowed by their more famous siblings.
In this episode of Lingthusiasm, your hosts Lauren Gawne and Gretchen McCulloch use Lynne Murphy’s new book The Prodigal Tongue as a guide to the sometimes prickly relationship between the globally dominant British and American varieties of English, give a mini history of English in our own countries, and discuss our national quests to find space between and around US and UK nationlects.
On the way, we ask the big, country-dividing questions like, is soup more likely to be brothy or puréed? Does “please” make a request ruder or more polite? What’s a prototypical bacon? Where on your face is a frown?
This month’s bonus episode on Patreon is about what you should know if you’re considering linguistics grad school: whether to apply, tips on applying and choosing a school, and some of the differences between the North American and UK/Australian systems.
We also announced that our Patron goal bonus art will by done by Lucy, who is not only a great artist but also an English language teacher with a Masters in Applied Linguistics. Go to patreon.com/lingthusiasm to listen to the bonus episodes and see behind-the-scenes updates about the art.
To see this episode's shownotes, go to https://lingthusiasm.com/post/173999864106/lingthusiasm-episode-20-speaking-canadian-and
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