Nobel Prize-winning economist Angus Deaton rethinks assumptions in economics, discussing critiques of the profession, immigration impacts, and globalization's role in poverty reduction. He challenges traditional views on poverty measurement, international aid efficacy, and randomized control trials. Reflecting on biases in econometric techniques, Deaton emphasizes the need for economists to broaden their education and consider marginalized groups' welfare.
Economists should embrace a more holistic approach by incorporating philosophy, ethics, and history in their analysis.
Globalization's role in poverty reduction is exaggerated; public services and education are crucial factors as well.
Deep dives
Critique on Economics Emphasizing Narrow Approach to Efficiency
Economists are criticized for prioritizing efficiency and GDP maximization over broader aspects of the discipline, neglecting philosophy, ethics, history, psychology, and sociology. This narrow focus leads to overlooking vital elements that were traditionally incorporated in economics, prompting the need for a more holistic approach to the discipline.
Assessment of Globalization's Impact on Poverty Reduction
The role of globalization in reducing poverty, especially in countries like India and China, is overstated according to economist Angus Deaton. Contrary to popular assertions, factors beyond globalization, such as public services and education, play a significant role in poverty alleviation. This challenges the predominant narrative attributing poverty reduction solely to globalization.
Importance of Broadening Perspectives in Economics
Angus Deaton highlights the need for ethics and philosophy courses within economics departments to foster a more comprehensive understanding of the discipline. By incorporating history of economic thought and encouraging a broader perspective through the reading of history, economists can enhance their critical thinking and humility in addressing complex societal issues.
Sir Angus Deaton won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2015. So when he says he is rethinking many of his assumptions about the field, it matters. Today on the show, Soumaya discusses what we are getting wrong about everything from inequality to immigration to the role of globalisation in the reduction of poverty.
Soumaya Keynes writes a column each week for the Financial Times. You can find it here