Climate scientists and authors Kristie L. Ebi and Jeremy J. Hess discuss the impacts of climate change on human health, including altered weather patterns, extreme weather events, infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, and food security. They emphasize the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and highlight the hidden indirect effects of climate change on health. The podcast also explores strategies to mitigate the health impacts, challenges and opportunities in addressing climate change in the healthcare sector, and the importance of adaptation and mitigation efforts for health equity.
Climate change can directly impact human health through extreme weather events and the increased prevalence of infectious diseases and respiratory diseases.
Mitigating the adverse effects of climate change on human health requires strategies such as adaptation, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and investing in robust health systems.
Deep dives
Climate Change and Human Health
Climate change can affect human health through various climate-sensitive health outcomes such as extreme weather events, infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, and food security issues. One specific example discussed is the heat dome event in the Pacific Northwest in 2021, which led to excess deaths, increased morbidity, and overwhelmed healthcare systems. The podcast also mentions shifts in the ecology of diseases like dengue fever and the earlier start and prolonged duration of the pollen season, resulting in allergic respiratory disease symptoms. These changes highlight the direct connection between climate change and adverse health impacts.
Strategies to Mitigate Climate Change Health Impacts
The podcast suggests three main strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on human health. The first strategy is adaptation, which involves being prepared and proactive in addressing climate change impacts through changes in healthcare systems and surveillance systems. The second strategy is reducing greenhouse gas emissions, emphasizing the urgent need for immediate action to prevent worsening climate change impacts. The third strategy is investing in robust health systems to manage and treat climate-sensitive health outcomes, recognizing that residual risks will still exist despite adaptation and mitigation efforts.
Obstacles and Actions for Addressing Climate Change Health Impacts
The main obstacles discussed in the podcast are inadequate investments in research, implementation, and therapeutic research related to climate change and health. The lack of evidence and knowledge hinders decision-making and preparedness. The podcast highlights the importance of investing in research related to the prognosis of climate-sensitive exposures and the implementation of interventions. It also mentions the need for leadership in prioritizing and highlighting the health impacts of climate change within the healthcare sector. Clinicians and healthcare workers are encouraged to educate themselves on climate change risks, understand shifting epidemiology, and think differently when evaluating patients with symptoms that may be linked to climate change. Urgent action is underlined, especially with the recognition that climate change is a threat multiplier that will amplify existing healthcare challenges.
Mary McDermott, JAMA Deputy Editor, interviews leading climate scientists and authors Kristie L. Ebi, PhD, MPH, and Jeremy J. Hess, MD, MPH, about effects of climate change on human health and how these effects can be mitigated. Related Content: