S4 Ep39: The gap between education policy and practice
Oct 3, 2024
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Noam Angrist, an author affiliated with the What Works Hub for Global Education and the University of Oxford, dives deep into the education policy landscape. He discusses the troubling gap between policy intentions and educational realities, especially in low and middle-income countries. Angrist highlights how growing school attendance has not equated to improved learning outcomes. He emphasizes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on education and advocates for better execution strategies in education policy to truly serve students' needs.
The significant gap between educational policy and actual household experiences underscores the need for improved policy implementation to enhance learning outcomes.
Variability in policy responses during the COVID-19 pandemic emphasized that effective service delivery is crucial for schooling success in diverse regions.
Deep dives
The Impact of COVID-19 on Education Policy
The COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented school closures, affecting over a billion children worldwide. This situation highlighted the need for rapid policy adaptation, as governments had to implement alternative education methods such as remote learning, television broadcasts, and paper packets. The response varied across countries, with some relying on multiple methods to ensure education continued amidst the crisis. This period of necessity provided a unique opportunity to study how quickly policies could change and the discrepancies between educational policy and its practical application.
Examining the Policy-Practice Gap
Research revealed a significant gap between what educational policies aim to achieve and the actual experiences of households. By triangulating government statements about policy implementation with data on what families reported receiving, researchers were able to quantify this gap. In sub-Saharan Africa, the gap was alarmingly high, with over 70% of households not receiving the promised educational support, whereas in Latin America, the gap was only about 5%. Understanding the magnitude of this policy-practice gap is essential, as it indicates that even when good policies are formulated, their poor implementation hampers effective education delivery.
The Importance of Implementation in Education
The findings stress the necessity of effective implementation in order to achieve educational outcomes, as having policies in place is not sufficient if they do not reach students. Many policies were found to be realistic, suggesting that the primary issue lies in service delivery rather than policy naivety. This gap between policy and practice calls for a shift in focus from merely creating good policies to ensuring that they are executed effectively on the ground. Increased attention to implementation is vital to address the persistent learning crisis, as many children remain in school yet fail to acquire essential knowledge.
More children than ever in LMICs go to school – but they still don’t learn as much as
we would want, and the difference between the educational haves and the have-nots
is widening. Noam Angrist joins Tim Phillips to talk about the size of the gap between
education policy and practice, why it exists, why economic development alone isn’t
closing it, and how we can improve policy implementation in future.