The SEC Ends Its Ethereum 2.0 Investigation, but Staking Isn't in the Clear - Ep. 665
Jun 25, 2024
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Laura Brookover and Sam Enzer discuss the SEC ending its Ethereum 2.0 investigation and its implications on Ether's status as a commodity, staking safety, and other big crypto cases. They explore the political factors influencing the SEC's decision, potential impact on the industry, and the uncertainty surrounding staking activities despite the investigation closure.
The SEC's conclusion of the Ethereum 2.0 investigation highlights the lack of clarity in applying securities laws to crypto tokens.
Despite the closure of the Ethereum 2.0 investigation, there is uncertainty if staking is completely safe from SEC scrutiny.
Deep dives
SEC's Lack of Clarity in Guidelines
The closure of the Ethereum 2.0 investigation by the SEC sheds light on the lack of clarity in the agency's guidelines. The podcast highlights how the SEC's ecosystem argument, used to apply securities laws to secondary sales of tokens, lacks clear rationale. The discussion reveals that the SEC's argument has created confusion, especially in cases like Ripple, Kraken, Binance, and others, where the applicability of securities laws is being questioned.
Impact on Kraken Case
The closure of the Ethereum 2.0 investigation may not significantly impact the Kraken case, as the SEC did not target Ether directly in the allegations against Kraken. Despite the closure, Kraken aims to navigate its case strategically, potentially using discovery to explore the SEC's decision-making process and emphasize the securities status of other tokens based on Ether not being deemed a security.
Relevance in Ripple Case
The discussion suggests that the closure of the Ethereum 2.0 investigation might not directly influence the Ripple case due to distinct facts and circumstances involved. While the improved landscape for tokens per Ether's status could benefit Ripple's claims, the podcast highlights challenges Ripple faces in utilizing the letter effectively given the procedural posture of their case.
Anticipated Developments and Key Events
As the crypto landscape evolves, upcoming events such as rulings in high-profile cases like Binance, Kraken, and Coinbase will be closely monitored. Attention will also focus on potential SEC actions against Uniswap and Robinhood, in addition to the outcome of litigations regarding the extraterritorial application of US securities laws. The looming election further adds complexity, with potential shifts impacting regulatory approaches in the crypto space.
Last week, Consensys revealed that the SEC had concluded an investigation into Ethereum 2.0, referring to when Ethereum transitioned from a proof-of-work consensus mechanism to a proof-of-stake one.
In this episode, Laura Brookover, senior counsel & head of litigation and investigations at Consensys, and Sam Enzer, partner at Cahill Gordon & Reindel, explore the implications of this decision on Ether’s status as a commodity versus a security, and why the SEC dropped the pursuit, including whether the shifting political winds played a role. For instance, how much of the decision was influenced by the ETH ETF approvals, Democrats crossing party lines to vote for FIT21 and the repeal of SAB 121, and/or SEC crypto enforcement chief David Hirsch’s resignation?
In this discussion, they also explained why the closure doesn’t necessarily mean that staking, or restaking, is safe from the SEC. Plus, what’s the impact of this closure on the other big crypto cases, such as Coinbase, Kraken, Uniswap, and Ripple?
Show highlights:
02:13 How Consensys managed to get the SEC to reveal that it had concluded its investigation into Ethereum 2.0, and the significance of that move
08:14 The SEC's possible reasoning behind investigating Ethereum after it had switched to proof of stake
15:19 How uncommon is it for the SEC to send a letter concluding an investigation like the one into Ethereum
18:45 Whether recent events around crypto as an election issue, the ETH ETF approvals, votes for FIT21 and the repeal of SAB121, and David Hirsch’s resignation, might be connected to the decision to close this investigation
29:03 Whether the Biden administration has shifted its stance on crypto and whether Gensler should remain as chair
33:24 How the SEC might still go after staking
37:18 Whether restaking, such as pioneered by EigenLayer, is safe from regulatory actions
39:13 Why the SEC might be pursuing different judgments in various jurisdictions for MetaMask and Coinbase Wallet
44:24 What crucial evidence from the closed Ethereum 2.0 investigation could strengthen Coinbase's defense in its ongoing lawsuit
47:58 Why the SEC's aggressive stance on various crypto enforcement actions seems to remain unchanged despite closing the Ethereum 2.0 investigation
52:13 Why Sam and Laura believe Solana should not be considered a security, despite the SEC naming it as such in various crypto cases
58:13 How the SEC’s argument about an “ecosystem” is nonsensical, according to Laura Brookover
01:00:31 What the implications of the closed investigation are for the cases of Kraken and Ripple
01:04:58 What Sam and Laura B. are watching out for in terms of regulation and ongoing legal cases
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