History Extra podcast The Opium Wars: everything you wanted to know
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Feb 16, 2025 
In this engaging discussion, Stephen R. Platt, a professor and author, unpacks the complex motivations behind the Opium Wars. Britain’s pursuit of profit led to devastating conflicts rooted in addiction and imperial ambition. He examines Emperor Daoguang's struggle against opium and the moral dilemmas faced by British merchants. The podcast also explores the unequal treaties that followed, shaping China’s future and its perception of Western imperialism. Join Platt as he reveals the profound consequences of these historical events.
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The Opium Wars: A Summary
- The Opium Wars, fought between Britain and Qing China, were driven by Britain's desire to protect its opium trade.
- These wars exposed the vulnerability of China to Western powers and marked the start of its "Century of Humiliation".
The Importance of Tea and the Silver Deficit
- Britain's primary import from China was tea, vital to their economy and society.
- The British struggled to find goods that China wanted in return, leading to a silver deficit and the rise of the opium trade.
Opium's Impact on China
- Opium's initial use in China was among wealthy elites as a luxury good, similar to French cognac.
- However, its usage spread, impacting the military and exacerbating China's silver crisis.
