HoP 472 Less Cheer, More Knowledge: Descartes’ Ethics

Published in 1637, 'Discourse on the Method' is a seminal work by René Descartes that outlines his philosophical and scientific method. The book is divided into six parts and addresses various topics including skepticism, the existence of God and the human soul, and the distinction between the mind and body. Descartes introduces his famous statement 'I think, therefore I am' and lays the groundwork for modern Western philosophy and the scientific method. The work also discusses his approach to morality and the investigation of natural phenomena, influencing disciplines from philosophy to psychology and cognitive science[1][2][3].

Meditations is a series of private writings composed by Marcus Aurelius, one of Rome's greatest emperors, as he struggled to understand himself and make sense of the universe. Written between 170 and 180 CE while on military campaigns, this work combines Stoic philosophy with personal observations on leadership, duty, mortality, and human nature. Through twelve books of intimate thoughts never intended for publication, Marcus Aurelius explores themes of self-improvement, resilience in the face of adversity, and living virtuously while accepting what cannot be changed.