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Sensible Medicine

Yet Another Excellent Explainer About P-Values in Randomized Trials

Apr 4, 2024
Professor Erik Van Zwet from Leiden University discusses P-values in randomized trials, trial power, and trial replication. They explore the significance of P-values in interpreting study outcomes, the challenges of sample size, and understanding effect size. The conversation clarifies the unexpectedness of results and emphasizes the importance of historical data for comprehensive analysis in clinical settings.
44:05

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Quick takeaways

  • Interpreting p-values below 5% signifies statistical significance in clinical trials, crucial for understanding trial results.
  • Underpowered trials increase the risk of missing true positive results or obtaining false positives, impacting the interpretation of trial outcomes.

Deep dives

Understanding P-Values and Statistical Interpretation in Clinical Trials

P-values play a crucial role in clinical trials, indicating the significance of trial results. In the podcast episode, Dr. Eric Benswett elucidates that a key aspect is whether a p-value is below or above 5%, with values below signifying significance. He compares interpreting p-values to assessing growth charts for children, with extreme deviations highlighting concern. Dr. Benswett’s analogy aids in grasping the importance of statistical significance in medical research.

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