Planet Money Summer School

Investing 1: The Stock Market & Penelope The Cow

Jul 28, 2021
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INSIGHT

Investing Is About Risk And Time

  • Investing is fundamentally about taking risk to move money into the future.
  • Higher expected returns come from accepting the possibility of smaller outcomes or losses.
ANECDOTE

Penelope The Cow Experiment

  • Planet Money repeated Galton's ox experiment by asking thousands to guess Penelope the cow's weight.
  • The crowd average was within about 5% of the true weight, demonstrating the wisdom of crowds.
INSIGHT

Prices Emerge From Many Individual Beliefs

  • Stock prices form when many investors bid based on their beliefs about a company's future profits.
  • Individual mistakes cancel out and aggregate beliefs help converge on a market price.
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