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Enzymes in the liver play a crucial role in breaking down medications and toxins in the body. Problems with these enzyme systems can lead to increased side effects and reduced effectiveness of medications. The phase one enzymes, known as cytochrome P450 enzymes, initiate the breakdown process, while the phase two enzymes, called glutathione enzymes, work together with phase one to convert drugs into harmless particles that can be eliminated from the body. This enzyme system is not only important for minimizing side effects but also for preventing the buildup of toxins and reducing the risk of cancer. Certain factors, such as genetic mutations, liver problems, consumption of grapefruit, and certain medications, can affect the function of these enzymes.