The podcast discusses the basics of pharmacology in oncology, including the differences between irritants and vesicants, the need for central access in patients receiving therapy, and an overview of chemotherapy side effects.
Different chemotherapy drugs have specific side effects and require central access based on their toxicity.
Understanding the details and nuances of chemotherapy is crucial for pharmacists in providing effective patient care.
Deep dives
Understanding the Pharmacology of Chemotherapy
This podcast episode is part two of the pharmacology overviews lecture. The hosts break down the topic of pharmacology into bite-sized pieces to make it easier to understand. They emphasize the importance of recognizing drugs based on their names and discuss the high-yield concepts for pharmacology. They also highlight the crucial role of pharmacists in understanding the details and nuances of chemotherapy. The hosts provide a case study of a patient with breast cancer who received the dose-dense ACT regimen, explaining the need for central access and discussing the specific drugs used in the treatment.
Recognizing Anthracyclines, Alkylating Agents, and Taxanes
The hosts discuss different classes of chemotherapy drugs and their side effects. They focus on anthracyclines such as Doxorubicin, which are bright red and require central access due to their toxicity. They mention possible side effects of anthracyclines, including low blood counts, hair loss, heart failure, and the risk of developing MDS or leukemia. The hosts also cover alkylating agents like Cyclophosphamide, which can cause GI issues, cytopenias, hair loss, and neurotoxicity. Additionally, they explain the characteristics of taxanes like Pacletaxel, including their neurotoxicity and potential for hair loss.
Other Classes of Chemotherapy Drugs to Consider
The episode concludes with a brief overview of platinum agents, which are associated with nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, nausea, and possible cytopenias. The hosts mention the importance of assessing kidney function before administering cisplatin and the need for lots of fluids to prevent nephrotoxicity. They also touch on anti-metabolizers, drugs that mimic normal cellular building blocks and interfere with DNA replication. They highlight side effects such as bone marrow suppression, neurotoxicity, and hemorrhagic cystitis. The hosts share a real-life case study of a patient who underwent dose-dense ACT chemotherapy and achieved a pathologic complete response, highlighting the positive outcome and the patient's successful management of side effects.
As we prepare for another round oncology series in the weeks to come, we thought we would pause and go back to to the basics. We continue on our Pharmacology 101 series this week. This is such a high yield episode for anyone who cares for patients receiving therapy for their cancer!
Content:
- What is an irritant? How is it different than a vesicant?
- Does my patient need central access?
- Overview of side effects of chemotherapy
** Want to review the show notes for this episode and others? Check out our website: https://www.thefellowoncall.com/our-episodes
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