Stephen Porges On Trauma & Polyvagal Theory (#139)
Sep 28, 2021
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Join Dr. Stephen Porges, renowned for his Polyvagal Theory, as he discusses the vagus nerve's importance, trauma symptomatology, resilience, and shifting negativity biases. Explore how his theory transforms trauma care and informs other therapies, offering a fresh perspective on healing.
The vagus nerve plays a crucial role in connecting the brain to bodily organs and regulating functions, influencing behaviors and responses.
Polyvagal theory revolutionizes trauma care by prioritizing understanding physiological states, promoting safety cues, and integrating adaptive responses in therapies.
Deep dives
Understanding the Vagus Nerve and Its Neural Exercising Role
The vagus nerve serves as a conduit connecting our brain to our body organs bidirectionally. This nerve plays a vital role in transmitting sensory information to the brain and regulating organ functions. Within polyvagal theory, two evolutionary branches of the vagus are distinguished, one linked to defense responses and the other to social behaviors like facial expressions and vocalization. Neural exercises such as social behavior and vocalization are key functions facilitated by the newer vagal branch in support of safety and connection.
Evolutionary Perspectives on Mammalian Development and Autonomic Nervous System
During mammalian evolution, the need for nurturing and social connection became key survival determinants, leading to the development of specialized autonomic nervous system responses. Features like detached middle ear bones in mammals allowed for enhanced social communication through higher frequency vocalizations. The expansion of the cortex alongside these physiological changes contributed to adaptive responses conducive to building social connections and promoting safety and communication.
Neuroception and its Impact on Perceptual Biases and Physiological States
Neuroception, a concept introduced by Steven, emphasizes the subconscious neural processes that regulate threat detection and safety. This mechanism allows the body to react swiftly to danger cues based on physiological states influenced by previous experiences. Through practices like slow exhalation and focused listening, individuals can shift physiological responses from hypervigilance to a more relaxed state, altering their perceptual biases towards safety and reducing reactivity to potential threats.
Implications of Polyvagal Theory for Trauma Care and Therapeutic Interventions
Polyvagal theory is reshaping trauma care by emphasizing respect for an individual's physiological state and understanding the impact of cues of safety, particularly in complex trauma histories. Therapeutic approaches like the Safe and Sound Protocol are enhancing trauma therapies by providing experiences of safety within controlled contexts to recalibrate physiological responses. By embedding polyvagal principles into existing therapies and tools, practitioners can optimize their methods to better support trauma survivors through co-regulation and understanding of their body's adaptive responses.
Dr. Stephen W. Porges is a distinguished university scientist at Indiana University, where he is the founding director of the Traumatic Stress Research Consortium. He is also a professor of psychiatry at the University of North Carolina and professor emeritus at the University of Illinois at Chicago and the University of Maryland. His more than 350 peer‐reviewed scientific papers, published across several disciplines, have been cited in approximately 40,000 peer-reviewed papers. He holds several patents involved in monitoring and regulating autonomic state and originated the Polyvagal Theory, which emphasizes the importance of physiological state in the expression of behavioral, mental, and health problems related to traumatic experiences. He is the author of The Polyvagal Theory: Neurophysiological foundations of Emotions, Attachment, Communication, and Self-Regulation, The Pocket Guide to the Polyvagal Theory: The Transformative Power of Feeling Safe, and Polyvagal Safety, as well as co-editor of Clinical Applications of the Polyvagal Theory: The Emergence of Polyvagal-Informed Therapies, and Polyvagal Safety. In this episode, we discuss:
What is the vagus nerve and why should we care about it.
Symptomatology explained by Polyvagal Theory.
Understanding resilience and adaptive physiological states.
Shifting the negativity bias to a positive one.
How polyvagal theory is transforming trauma care.
Developing models for how polyvagal theory can inform other therapies.
The necessity of human interaction in coregulation.