Audio long read: Long COVID is a double curse in low-income nations — here’s why
Jan 26, 2024
auto_awesome
The podcast discusses the prevalence and challenges of long COVID in low- and middle-income countries, highlighting the lack of research, awareness, and treatments. It explores economic disparities and healthcare limitations in Brazil, Iran, and South Africa. The podcast also delves into the mechanisms of long COVID, the need for a global approach, and the difficulties of recruiting diverse participants. Additionally, it examines the potential inequalities in accessing treatments in low-income nations and the challenges faced by healthcare systems in providing intensive care.
Long COVID affects millions of people in low and middle-income countries, but the lack of research and data hampers understanding and tailored treatment efforts.
Low and middle-income countries face unique challenges in studying long COVID, including limited resources, fragmented healthcare systems, and limited awareness among physicians.
Deep dives
Long COVID prevalence in low and middle-income countries
Long COVID, a condition that manifests in a variety of symptoms persisting for more than three months after a SARS-CoV-2 infection, is not limited to the global north. Although data on the prevalence and severity of long COVID in low and middle-income countries are limited, studies conducted so far indicate that the condition could be similar in these regions, affecting millions of people. However, the lack of research and data hampers efforts to understand the condition, identify risk factors, and tailor treatments. Advocacy for services and targeted approaches require specific data from these regions.
Challenges in studying long COVID in low and middle-income countries
Low and middle-income countries face unique challenges in studying long COVID. These countries exhibit heterogeneity in healthcare systems and limited resources for research. The absence of centralized health data and informal employment practices make it difficult to track and measure the burden of long COVID. Moreover, the awareness and recognition of the condition among physicians in these countries are limited, making diagnosis, risk assessment, and treatment challenging. Understanding long COVID's mechanisms globally, including genetic and environmental factors, necessitates diverse study participants and a global concerted effort.
Treatment and research disparities in low and middle-income countries
While research efforts for long COVID treatments are underway in wealthier countries, the question of transferability to low and middle-income settings remains open. The distribution inequalities observed during the COVID-19 vaccine rollout may repeat in the case of long COVID treatments. Limited resources and strained healthcare systems make intensive monitoring and multidisciplinary care challenging. However, some low and middle-income countries, like Brazil, leverage community health worker networks to improve awareness and diagnosis of long COVID. Recognition and validation of long COVID and other post-viral illnesses in marginalized communities remains a challenge.
Evidence so far suggests that the prevalence of long COVID in low- and middle-income countries could be similar to that of wealthier countries. For example, by some estimates, more than four million people in Brazil have long COVID.
However, an absence of research on the condition in less-wealthy countries has left advocates hamstrung: few physicians acknowledge that long COVID exists. A lack of data is also hampering efforts to search for the mechanisms of the condition and tailor treatments.