Ep 18 Prof Chris Higgins "I have certainly described this as what I think is a major challenge for my generation of environmental engineers"
Jun 20, 2020
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Professor Chris Higgins, an expert in environmental engineering from the Colorado School of Mines, discusses the pressing issue of PFAS contamination. He highlights innovative soil washing techniques being developed in Australia to tackle these pollutants. The conversation dives into the complexities of PFAS, including their persistent presence in consumer products and the challenges for wastewater treatment. Chris emphasizes the long-term implications for environmental engineers and the need for greater understanding and regulation of these hazardous substances.
PFAS exposure occurs through various channels including contaminated water, food, and consumer products, highlighting a critical need for public awareness.
A groundbreaking project in Australia is advancing soil washing techniques to remove PFAS contamination, representing a significant shift in environmental remediation approaches.
Deep dives
Understanding PFAS Exposure Sources
Exposure to PFAS compounds occurs not only through contaminated water but also through a variety of food sources including fish, milk, eggs, and even lettuce. These substances can migrate from their packaging—like fast food wrappers—into food items, contributing to elevated blood levels in individuals. The complexity of exposure pathways illustrates that people may not fully grasp how these materials affect their health, suggesting a need for increased awareness and research. As studies indicate, significant exposure may arise from consumer products and environmental interactions that have not yet been fully understood.
Innovative Soil Treatment Technologies in Australia
A pioneering project in Australia is focusing on the removal of PFAS from contaminated soil using novel soil washing techniques. This project, based in Adelaide, is significant as it marks one of the first large-scale attempts to address soil contamination by PFAS, moving beyond traditional water treatment approaches predominant in the U.S. The process involves washing contaminated soil with water to dislodge PFAS chemicals, followed by treating the water to eliminate any contaminants before recycling it in the operation. This method represents a hopeful advancement in soil remediation that could set a precedent for similar efforts globally.
The Chemical Complexity of PFAS
PFAS encompasses a diverse group of thousands of individual chemicals, each exhibiting unique chemical structures and behaviors in the environment. A critical aspect of understanding PFAS is recognizing the differences between perfluorinated and polyfluorinated compounds, as they can interact differently with various environmental media, such as soil and water. The surfactant properties of many of these chemicals lead to unexpected behaviors, such as their tendency to remain in soils instead of migrating into groundwater. This complexity complicates remediation efforts and highlights the need for continued research into their environmental impact and behavior.
Regulatory Challenges and Environmental Concerns
The persistence and mobility of PFAS in the environment pose significant regulatory challenges for both Australia and the U.S., with ongoing discussions about how best to classify and manage these substances. Although some PFAS compounds have been phased out, many are still in use, causing confusion about their safety and regulatory status. Additionally, there is concern that the current focus on military sites might overlook the broader distribution of PFAS contamination found in consumer products and landfills. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive understanding of PFAS compounds and collaborative efforts to develop effective regulations that prevent further environmental impact.
Today's episode is a fascinating discussion with Professor Chris Higgins from the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines U.S. Chris was visiting Australia in March 2020 to discuss work on a PFAS soil washing project being conducted in Adelaide SA. Chris was attending a project meeting to discuss this project at QHAES, Brisbane and this interview was conducted there on the 3/3/2020, just before everything started to get locked down because of Covid-19. I am very glad I got the chance to talk with Professor Chris Higgins about PFAS because his chemistry background plus his extensive knowledge of PFAS chemicals produced a very informative and interesting discussion. It is an episode that you do not want to miss if you want to understand the behaviour of this complex group of chemicals known as PFAS. Chris said " I have certainly described this as what I think is a major challenge for my generation of environmental engineers. We are going to be dealing with this for a long time to come."