What the Industrial Revolution Teaches Us About the AI Revolution
Sep 21, 2023
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Simon Johnson, MIT economist and co-author of 'Power and Progress', discusses creating conditions for technological change to benefit many people. Explores impact of Industrial Revolution, compares it to AI revolution, and addresses challenges faced by tech founders. Examines link between technological progress and broadly shared prosperity, and discusses issues of inequality and automation.
Creating conditions for technological change to benefit many people is crucial.
Democratization, public funding, and focus on creating new tasks and opportunities for all are essential for the AI revolution to deliver shared benefits.
Deep dives
The Link Between Technological Change and Prosperity
The podcast explores how technological change has historically affected prosperity. It discusses the Industrial Revolution in England, where technological advancements led to productivity gains but did not result in broad-based prosperity. The episode highlights the importance of creating conditions for technological change to benefit everyone and questions whether the current AI revolution will deliver shared benefits or only benefit a few. It emphasizes the need for public funding, democratization of AI development, and the focus on creating new tasks and opportunities for all.
Lessons from George Stevenson and the Railways
The podcast discusses the story of George Stevenson, a self-educated inventor, and entrepreneur who played a crucial role in the Industrial Revolution. His vision and problem-solving skills brought about significant advancements in the railway industry. The episode explores the importance of developing technologies that create opportunities for unskilled workers and promote labor demand. It suggests prioritizing public funding for AI development and deploying AI in critical sectors like education and healthcare to maximize benefits for all.
Technological Change and the Importance of Political Conditions
The episode highlights that the economic benefits of technological change are not automatic or ensured. It emphasizes the need for political conditions that connect technological advancements with improved outcomes for workers. The podcast discusses the historical case of wage stagnation during the first half of the 19th century in England, despite significant productivity gains. It emphasizes the role of democratization, trade unions, and the demand for higher wages in creating conditions for broader prosperity. The episode urges a shift in the current direction of AI development toward creating new tasks and opportunities for all.
Concerns About the Future of AI
The podcast raises concerns about the current trajectory of AI development and its potential impact on workforce stability and income inequality. It suggests that automation, the lack of creation of new jobs, and the relentless pursuit of profits by big tech companies could lead to widespread job losses, greater income polarization, and limited benefits for the majority. The episode calls for a more public-spirited development of AI, public funding for research and development, and a focus on enhancing human capabilities to ensure that AI technologies benefit a larger number of people.
Simon Johnson is an MIT economist and the co-author of a new book called “Power and Progress: Our Thousand-Year Struggle over Technology and Prosperity”.
Simon’s problem is this: How do you create the conditions for technological change to benefit many people, rather than just a powerful few?