This Week in Virology TWiV 1221: Nonsense mediated decay
May 25, 2025
The hosts discuss alarming cuts to NSF funding and their implications for research at institutions like Harvard. They explore the complexities of immune responses to endemic coronaviruses and the genetic factors influencing vaccine reactions. Delving into IFNAR1 deficiencies, they highlight struggles with viral infections and the potential for tailored vaccines. They also share innovative retinal technology allowing infrared vision in humans and tackle the environmental and health impacts of PFAS chemicals. Listener engagement emphasizes the importance of clear scientific communication.
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Cross-Reactive Antibodies from Endemic Coronaviruses
- Endemic human coronaviruses frequently infect people causing mild disease and may induce cross-reactive antibodies.
- These antibodies bind conserved S2 spike protein regions of SARS-CoV, implicating a shared immune recognition mechanism.
Fc Binding Antibodies Mediate Immunity
- Non-neutralizing antibodies binding SARS-CoV S2 can engage Fc receptors and activate immune cells.
- Such Fc receptor binding antibodies may offer antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity that aids viral clearance.
S2-Targeted Immunity for Pan-Coronavirus Vaccine
- Antibodies induced by endemic coronavirus infection bind SARS-CoV S2 and Fc gamma receptors with higher affinity.
- This suggests vaccination strategies targeting conserved S2 regions could generate broadly reactive, Fc-mediated protective immunity.