Nature Podcast
Children with Down's syndrome are more likely to get leukaemia: stem-cells hint at why
Sep 25, 2024
Discover how children with Down's syndrome face a 150-fold increased risk of leukaemia due to genetic factors linked to chromosome 21. Researchers investigate fetal liver stem cells and their role in DNA packaging, shedding light on leukaemia susceptibility. Meanwhile, learn about innovative studies showing that smaller beer servings can curtail alcohol intake, and meet Costa Rican lizards equipped with self-made air supplies for underwater survival. Plus, explore how tiny crustaceans use scent to navigate and the potential of nuclear techniques in asteroid deflection.
21:58
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Quick takeaways
- Children with Down syndrome face a significant 150-fold increased risk of leukemia due to genetic mutations during fetal liver stem-cell development.
- Research indicates that structural changes in chromatin caused by an extra chromosome influence blood cell differentiation, heightening leukemia susceptibility.
Deep dives
Understanding leukemia risk in children with Down syndrome
Children with Down syndrome have a significantly heightened risk of developing leukemia, particularly in the first five years of life, with a 150-fold increase compared to their peers. This risk is believed to originate during fetal development, as genetic mutations and changes in blood cell production are observed early on. Research reveals that hematopoietic stem cells, which give rise to various blood cells, demonstrate altered behaviors influenced by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. Overall, these insights emphasize the need for further investigation into the genetic and developmental pathways leading to this elevated leukemia risk.
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