History of Philosophy: India, Africana, China
HPI 33 - Standard Deductions - Nyaya on Reasoning
Jan 8, 2017
The podcast explores Niaya school's perspective on reasoning and inference, including the use of signs and examples in Indian philosophy. It discusses Gautama's ideas on observing a generality and its relation to inference, as well as interpretations of a thesis and argumentation. The chapter also explores fallacies and false resemblances in arguments and contrasts Niaya philosophy with the Buddhists' denial of a stable self.
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Quick takeaways
- The Niaya school emphasizes the importance of inference in obtaining knowledge beyond perception.
- Gautama identifies three types of dependable signs and emphasizes the need to avoid fallacies in reasoning.
Deep dives
The Niaya School's Perspective on Perception and Inference
The Niaya school emphasizes that perception is a reliable source of knowledge, but also highlights the importance of inference in obtaining knowledge beyond what is directly perceived. Inferences allow individuals to make conclusions based on signs and signals, such as inferring the presence of a tiger from the sound it makes. The close relationship between perception and inference is highlighted, with inference being seen as an extension of perception to uncover hidden or unseen aspects of the world.
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