S4E23 Tolkien, Philosopher of War: A Conversation with Graham McAleer
Jan 30, 2025
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Graham McAleer, a philosophy professor and author of "Tolkien, Philosopher of War," dives into the intricate relationship between J.R.R. Tolkien's writings and the philosophy of conflict. He discusses how Tolkien's experiences in World War I shaped his views on humanity and warfare. McAleer highlights Tolkien's critique of vanity through characters like Sauron, and contrasts ambition with mortality in the Numenoreans. The conversation illuminates Tolkien's reflections on deeper moral complexities and the impact of his narratives on modern political ideologies.
Graham McAleer discusses how Tolkien's experiences in World War I profoundly influenced his philosophical reflections on the morality and consequences of war.
The podcast highlights Tolkien's critique of vanity in leadership during conflicts, exemplified by characters like Sauron and Saruman, revealing the dangers of ambition in warfare.
Deep dives
The Evolution of Tolkien's Cultural Relevance
Tolkien's relationship with his audience has shifted over the years, particularly influenced by popular adaptations like Peter Jackson's films. Many students initially expressed a strong familiarity with Tolkien's works, actively engaging with them in academia. However, Professor McAleer notes a decline in this enthusiasm, highlighting that contemporary students may not understand key characters or narrative arcs as earlier generations did. Despite this cultural shift, McAleer's interest in Tolkien has only deepened, especially after delving into his personal letters, which reveal significant philosophical insights woven throughout Tolkien's writings.
War as a Central Theme in Tolkien's Narrative
McAleer emphasizes that Tolkien's works are deeply entrenched in themes of war and conflict, a perspective shaped by his own experiences in World War I. Through teaching courses focused on the moral and political dimensions of Tolkien's narratives, he identified a growing prominence of warfare as a central theme. Tolkien's correspondence elucidates his belief that the heart of his stories often revolves around the consequences and realities of war, diverging from the more idyllic and pastoral interpretations that fans typically celebrate. This intricate association with conflict challenges readers to reconsider the layers within his storytelling, linking them to broader philosophical discourses on violence and morality.
The Philosophical Underpinnings of Time and Death
Tolkien's reflections on mortality reveal a complex interplay between life's brevity and the human condition, contrasting the experiences of various beings in his world. Characters like Elrond, who have lived for millennia, carry the emotional toll of prolonged service, leading to a longing for peace that only death can bring. In contrast, the shorter lifespan of humans heightens their battles with legacy and sacrifice, given that moments of valor emerge against a backdrop of historical decay. This exploration of death as a necessary part of life suggests that Tolkien's narrative deeply contemplates the essence of heroism and the weight it carries through time.
Vanity and Morality in Tolkien's War Philosophy
Tolkien uses the concept of vanity as a lens to explore the moral dimensions of warfare and society throughout his writings. His philosophy highlights that vanity can lead to destructive outcomes, particularly in the context of leadership during conflicts. Sauron and Saruman exemplify this malignancy, as their ambitions reveal how underscoring flaws in others can serve personal agendas. Ultimately, Tolkien's perspective serves as a stark reminder of the dual nature of power and the dangers of driven leadership, particularly when intertwined with the ethos of war.
In this episode, we explore the profound philosophical and theological dimensions of J.R.R. Tolkien's work, particularly his views on war. In his book Tolkien, Philosopher of War(Catholic University of America Press, 2024), McAleer uncovers Tolkien's critique of Enlightenment thought and his deep concern with the apocalyptic politics of his time. He argues that Tolkien’s metaphysical, political, and aesthetic views—shaped by a rejection of gnosticism, a defense of monarchy, and a resistance to Futurism—offer a unique perspective on the dangers of progressivism and total war. We explore Tolkien’s personal experience which inform his writings and the processes by which he was able to sculpt these great works and systems of thought. This conversation sheds light on Tolkien's modern critique of political ideologies and offers new insights for readers of Catholic studies, war philosophy, and Tolkien Studies alike.
Contributions to and/or sponsorship of any speaker does not constitute departmental or institutional endorsement of the specific program, speakers or views presented.
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