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Backpropagation's Biological Implausibility
- Backpropagation requires a perfect model of the forward system, including weights and connectivity.
- This is biologically implausible as there's no evidence the brain performs such computations, especially in recurrent networks.
Forward-Forward Algorithm's Pipelining
- The forward-forward algorithm addresses backpropagation's limitations by dividing learning into online and offline phases.
- This allows for pipelining of information, crucial for tasks like video processing, mirroring real-time learning.
Layer-wise Objective Functions
- In the forward-forward algorithm, layers strive for high activity with real data and low activity with generated 'negative' data.
- Each layer has its own objective function focused on this discrimination, unlike backpropagation's focus on output error.