Response to Philosophical Diversity

The podcast discusses how the great plurality of doctrinal opinions in ancient India became a philosophical problem. Two responses to this problem were explored: skepticism, which claims that there is no justified answer to philosophical questions, and syncretism, which suggests accepting all philosophical positions conditionally. Buddhism, represented by Nagarjuna, advocated skepticism, while Jainism preferred the syncretist approach. Both approaches led to innovations in epistemology and logic in an attempt to avoid self-refutation.