Mind-Body Solution

Why Get Together? How Life, Mind & Machines Evolve via Integration | Josh Bongard & Richard Watson

16 snips
Jan 7, 2026
Josh Bongard, a roboticist known for his work on evolutionary robotics, teams up with Richard Watson, an interdisciplinary researcher focused on evolution and cognition. They dive into the fascinating dynamics of integration, exploring why cells and societies come together. Bongard discusses how robots can adapt through nested systems, while Watson unpacks the concept of natural induction—leaving behind traditional selection theories. They examine how relationships drive stability and creativity, leading to a new understanding of evolution, learning, and even the essence of love.
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INSIGHT

Why Multicellularity Challenges Selection

  • Evolutionary transitions (e.g., single cells to multicellularity) reveal conflicts between component and collective interests.
  • Richard Watson argues natural selection alone doesn't explain why entities form deep, transformative collectives.
INSIGHT

Natural Induction: Learning Without Selection

  • Natural induction describes learning-like adaptation in physical networks without selection or design.
  • Viscoelastic networks can generalize and form associative memories simply by their plastic response to stress.
INSIGHT

Environment-Induced Diversity Fuels Learning

  • External shocks create diverse internal states in physical systems, generating learning-relevant variation.
  • Josh Bongard suggests evolution may exploit such non-genetic, physically produced diversity.
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