Elizabeth Anderson, "Hijacked: How Neoliberalism Turned the Work Ethic against Workers and How Workers Can Take It Back" (Cambridge UP, 2023)
Nov 13, 2023
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Elizabeth Anderson, author of 'Hijacked: How Neoliberalism Turned the Work Ethic against Workers and How Workers Can Take It Back,' explores the history of the work ethic and its impact on workers. The podcast discusses how neoliberalism has perverted the work ethic to benefit the One Percent, rather than ordinary people. It also delves into the consequences of negative attitudes towards the poor, the vision of the progressive work ethic, understanding neoliberalism, the burden of neoliberalism on society, and the controversial topics of participation trophies and the division of labor.
The podcast explores the historical development of the work ethic, highlighting the contrast between the conservative work ethic that prioritizes profit for employers and the progressive work ethic that emphasizes fair treatment and dignity for workers.
It emphasizes the importance of reclaiming the progressive work ethic to address disparities in worker rights and living standards, advocating for social democracy as a solution and emphasizing the value of meaningful work and a fair distribution of resources.
Deep dives
The Progressive Work Ethic and its Role in Social Democracy
The podcast episode discusses the concept of the progressive work ethic and its significance in the development of social democracy. The progressive work ethic, championed by thinkers like Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill, emphasizes the importance of fair compensation, meaningful work, and worker empowerment. It contrasts with the conservative work ethic, which perpetuates the idea that workers are inherently lazy and should be subservient to their employers. The episode highlights how social democracy, as an ideology and political philosophy, aims to create a society where workers are treated with dignity, have access to adequate benefits, and can participate in decision-making processes at their workplaces. The podcast also delves into the challenges posed by neoliberalism, a system that exacerbates income inequality and reinforces the conservative work ethic. Overall, the episode explores the relevance of the progressive work ethic in today's society and its potential to shape more equitable and fulfilling work environments.
The Historical Origins of the Work Ethic
This section of the podcast delves into the historical origins of the work ethic, tracing it back to the 17th century Puritans in England. It highlights the development of two contrasting versions of the work ethic: the conservative work ethic and the progressive work ethic. The conservative work ethic promotes the idea that workers should toil relentlessly for the profit of their employers, whereas the progressive work ethic emphasizes fair treatment, respect, and dignity for workers. The episode emphasizes the critical perspectives offered by the progressive work ethic and presents an insightful analysis of how the conservative work ethic has been exploited by neoliberalism to prioritize the interests of the wealthy elite. It also discusses the impact of the work ethic on labor conditions and welfare policies throughout history.
The Need for a Reclamation of the Progressive Work Ethic
In this part of the podcast, the need to reclaim the progressive work ethic is underscored. The episode highlights the disparities in worker rights and living standards among different countries, particularly focusing on the United States. It points out that social democracy, grounded in the principles of the progressive work ethic, offers a potential solution to these disparities. Social democracy advocates for robust labor protections, sectoral bargaining, and co-determination, which empower workers and create better working conditions. The podcast argues for the importance of work in achieving individual fulfillment and societal prosperity. It challenges popular notions of work becoming obsolete due to automation and asserts that meaningful work should be prioritized and adequately rewarded. The episode concludes by urging for a renewed focus on creating a society that values and honors the contributions of all individuals, treating them with respect and ensuring a fair distribution of resources.
Building an Egalitarian Society and Overcoming Prejudices
The final part of the podcast episode introduces the notion of building an egalitarian society and addresses the challenges surrounding it. It examines the deeply ingrained prejudices that hinder the establishment of a society of equals, focusing on issues of class, race, gender, and other social identities. The episode emphasizes the importance of recognizing and challenging these prejudices in order to create a more inclusive and just society. It advocates for valuing the contributions and diversity of all individuals and fostering opportunities that uphold the ideals of the progressive work ethic. The podcast concludes by encouraging listeners to reconsider their perspectives on work and equality, ultimately striving for a society that respects and uplifts every individual.
What is the work ethic? Does it justify policies that promote the wealth and power of the One Percent at workers' expense? Or does it advance policies that promote workers' dignity and standing?Hijacked: How Neoliberalism Turned the Work Ethic against Workers and How Workers Can Take It Back (Cambridge UP, 2023) explores how the history of political economy has been a contest between these two ideas about whom the work ethic is supposed to serve. Today's neoliberal ideology deploys the work ethic on behalf of the One Percent. However, workers and their advocates have long used the work ethic on behalf of ordinary people. By exposing the ideological roots of contemporary neoliberalism as a perversion of the seventeenth-century Protestant work ethic, Elizabeth Anderson shows how we can reclaim the original goals of the work ethic, and uplift ourselves again. Hijacked persuasively and powerfully demonstrates how ideas inspired by the work ethic informed debates among leading political economists of the past, and how these ideas can help us today.
Elizabeth Anderson is the Max Mendel Shaye Professor of Public Philosophy, Politics, and Economics at University of Michigan. She is the author of Value in Ethics and Economics (1995), The Imperative of Integration (2010), and Private Government: How Employers Rule Our Lives (and Why We Don't Talk about It) (2017). She is a MacArthur Fellow and Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. In 2019, The New Yorker described her as 'a champion of the view that equality and freedom are mutually dependent [...] Anderson may be the philosopher best suited to this awkward moment in American life.'