Is the New Testament Actually Filled with Forgeries?
Jan 16, 2024
auto_awesome
This podcast discusses the prevalence of forgery in the New Testament, revealing that only eight out of twenty-seven books were probably written by the attributed authors. The episode explores the definitions of forgery, pseudopigraphy, and orthonomy, and the impact of false attributions on interpreting the text. It also delves into accusations against Paul and the concept of counter forgeries. Additionally, it highlights Bart Ehrman's online course on Genesis and announces an upcoming course on the Gospel of Matthew, emphasizing the importance of historical context.
Many books in the New Testament are either outright forgeries or falsely attributed to well-known figures, raising questions about the accuracy and reliability of the text.
The presence of forgeries and falsely attributed works in the New Testament provides insight into the diversity of beliefs and interpretations within the early Christian community.
Deep dives
The prevalence of forgeries in the New Testament
Many books in the New Testament are either outright forgeries, where the author claims to be someone they are not, or falsely attributed to well-known figures like Paul or James. This phenomenon is particularly notable in the case of books like Ephesians and 2 Thessalonians, which claim authorship by Paul but are almost certainly not written by him. The inclusion of these forgeries in the New Testament raises questions about the accuracy and reliability of the text. It also highlights the practices of pseudopigraphy and false attribution that were common in the ancient world.
The impact of removing forged writings
If we were to remove all the books in the New Testament that are considered forgeries or falsely attributed, it would significantly change the message of the New Testament. For example, the book of Ephesians promotes the idea that believers are already enjoying the rewards of heaven, while 2 Thessalonians introduces the concept of an Antichrist figure going into the temple before the end times. These ideas, among others, have had a profound influence on theological debates and moral teachings within Christianity. Removing these books would alter the theological landscape and the interpretation of key doctrines.
Insights into early Christian debates and disputes
The presence of forgeries and falsely attributed works in the New Testament provides a glimpse into the debates and disputes that existed within early Christianity. Some of these books were specifically written as counter forgeries, aiming to challenge or refute the ideas put forth by other Christian writings of the time. One example is the Book of James, which serves as a counter to the book of Ephesians and its emphasis on faith over good works. Understanding these dynamics sheds light on the diversity of beliefs and interpretations within the early Christian community.
Navigating the complexities and interpretations of the New Testament
The inclusion of forgeries and falsely attributed works in the New Testament requires careful analysis and interpretation of the text. It is crucial to consider the historical context, authorship claims, and differing perspectives presented in the various books. Misunderstandings can arise when these writings are read without recognizing their distinct messages and intended audiences. The genius of Matthew, for example, lies in its unique content and teachings, which may differ from the writings of Paul or other biblical figures. By engaging in critical analysis, readers can gain a deeper understanding of the complexities within the New Testament.
In our previous episodes on "literary forgery" in early Christianity, we have never yet talked about the elephant in the room. Why are there so many in the New Testament?
In this episode we will not be going over the old ground of what forgery is (an author falsely claiming to be a famous person) or how it was justified in the ancient world, even among writers who urge high ethical standards (!). We are instead interested in the startling scholarly claim that of the twenty-seven books of the New Testament, only eight of them were probably written by the person to whom they are attributed.
In some cases the attributions are made by later readers (the author of Mark does not claim to be Mark); but in many cases the authors themselves make the false claim (2 Peter claims to be written by Peter). We might understand how one or two books like this managed to get into the Christian New Testament. But nineteen?
Get the Snipd podcast app
Unlock the knowledge in podcasts with the podcast player of the future.
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode
Save any moment
Hear something you like? Tap your headphones to save it with AI-generated key takeaways
Share & Export
Send highlights to Twitter, WhatsApp or export them to Notion, Readwise & more
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode