Anna Tropia, expert on Jesuit philosophy, discusses how Jesuit thinkers broke new ground with their erudition and eclecticism. Topics include the unique scholastic philosophy of Jesuits, exploration of lesser-known Jesuit philosophers, and debates on intellect's direct perception of singulars vs universals.
Jesuit philosophy prioritized education through extensive knowledge of diverse sources.
Jesuit thinkers advocated for a more direct apprehension of singulars, challenging traditional Aristotelian views.
Deep dives
Distinctive Characteristics of Jesuit Scholastic Philosophy
Jesuit philosophy of mind is characterized by erudition and eclecticism. The Jesuits emphasized pedagogy, founding numerous colleges across Europe to prioritize education. Their approach showcased vast knowledge of sources like Greek and Arabic, emphasizing philology and textual understanding. Unlike other orders, Jesuits like Givala Modandini produced comprehensive works that expanded on existing knowledge, demonstrating their commitment to academic excellence.
Eclecticism and Departure from Aristotelian Tradition
The Jesuits exhibited eclecticism in their philosophy, deviating from traditional Aristotelian principles. Ignatius Loyola set a rule for teachers to follow Aristotle in philosophy and Thomas Aquinas in theology, although they often critiqued Aquinas in their commentaries. This departure was evident in their interpretations of Aristotle's works and their unique approach to theological teachings.
Direct Grasping of Singulars by the Intellect
Jesuit thinkers challenged the idea of the intellect grasping universals, advocating for the direct apprehension of singulars. The intellect was viewed as capable of independently grasping the particulars without the initial need for universal concepts. This shift from traditional Aristotelian views towards a more direct and autonomous cognitive capacity signaled a departure from prevailing philosophical norms.
Reductionism in Jesuit Philosophy of Mind
Jesuit philosophers adopted reductionist views by simplifying the traditional division of cognitive faculties within the human soul. They aimed to streamline and present a more straightforward account of the soul by reducing complex terminology and faculties. Influenced by nominalist perspectives, Jesuits like Maldonado rejected conventional distinctions and theories, favoring a more unified and uncomplicated approach to philosophical concepts.