Dr. Rima Habre, an environmental health expert from USC, and Dr. Mark Wilson, director of exposure science at CIRI, dive into the aftermath of urban fires in Los Angeles. They discuss the toxic residues left behind, particularly focusing on hazardous materials like asbestos and benzene. The conversation highlights the urgent need for thorough cleanup and proper safety gear, especially for vulnerable populations. They also explore the challenges of understanding the long-term health risks from these toxins, emphasizing the importance of effective research and public health awareness.
The aftermath of urban fires poses significant public health risks due to hazardous materials like heavy metals and VOCs in the ash.
Determining safe environmental conditions post-fire is complex due to unknown chemical exposures and inadequate standard air quality indices.
Deep dives
Impact of Urban Fires on Public Health
The aftermath of urban fires, particularly in Los Angeles, raises significant public health concerns about the toxic chemicals left behind. Residents are returning to homes that may have been exposed to various hazardous materials, including heavy metals and volatile organic compounds. The nature of residues depends greatly on the materials present in buildings, which means that older properties might contain hazardous substances like lead, while newer constructions could involve different risks. Experts emphasize the uncertainty surrounding these contaminants and their potential long-term health effects, making it challenging to determine what constitutes a safe environment for residents.
Challenges in Identifying Chemical Hazards
The complexity of determining the safety of air and surfaces post-fire is underscored by the wide variety of potential pollutants present. The ashes and debris from fires can harbor unknown chemicals depending on the specific materials burned during the incident. Monitoring air quality and understanding the extent of chemical exposure is complicated by the failure of standard air quality indices to account for harmful substances like benzene and asbestos. The ongoing scientific efforts to deploy air sensors and analyze the aftermath reflect a pressing need to grasp the full picture of these chemical hazards that remain in contaminated areas.
Precautions and Cleanup Strategies for Residents
Residents returning to areas affected by fires are advised to take specific precautions to ensure their safety while cleaning up. It's recommended to use high-efficiency air filtration systems and engage in cleaning practices that minimize dust disturbance, such as mopping instead of sweeping. While protective gear is essential for those directly involved in cleanup efforts, general day-to-day activities may not require the same level of caution unless individuals are close to heavily impacted sites. Moreover, as data regarding safety and health impacts are expected to emerge, it is crucial for residents to remain informed and follow trusted guidance on maintaining safety in their environments.
After nearly four weeks of burning, the fires in Los Angeles are almost fully contained, and cleanup is underway. But as the dust literally settles, people in LA are left with major questions, like: What is actually in the ash? What’s in the air? And how do I stay safe?
Flora Lichtman talks with two experts in public health and toxic substance exposure about the chemicals left behind after an urban fire as well as what science needs to be done to fully understand the issue. She speaks with Dr. Rima Habre, associate professor of environmental health and spatial sciences at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles; and Dr. Mark Wilson, director of exposure science at Chemical Insights Research Institute (CIRI) in Marietta, Georgia.
Transcript for this segment will be available after the show airs on sciencefriday.com.