Challenges in Achieving Net Zero

The transition to net-zero emissions is significantly impacted by various physical realities such as the need for substantial infrastructure changes. Current research identifies 25 specific physical challenges that need to be addressed to facilitate this energy transition, with 12 of these considered particularly difficult. These hard challenges include decarbonizing industrial sectors, managing variability in renewable energy sources, and developing efficient hydrogen solutions. As of now, progress on these challenges is minimal, highlighting a pressing need for systemic changes and innovation in technology and processes.