HPC 25. Benefit, Then Stop: Mohism and Impartial Care
Mar 9, 2025
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Dive into the consequentialist ethics of Moism, where impartial care takes center stage. Discover thought experiments that challenge our moral duties to those far away in need. Explore how this philosophy pushes for social welfare while navigating traditional emotions tied to care. Unpack critiques from Confucianism and ponder the balance between filial piety and inclusive ethics. This engaging discussion highlights the relevance of ancient philosophies in today's moral landscape.
The podcast explores how Mohism promotes a consequentialist ethic of impartial care ('jian ai'), advocating for communal welfare over individual pleasures.
It contrasts Moism's inclusive care approach with Confucianism's emphasis on familial relationships, highlighting differing views on moral obligations to society.
Deep dives
The Drowning Child Thought Experiment
The podcast discusses Peter Singer's thought experiment, which highlights the moral responsibilities we have to help strangers in need. Singer presents a scenario where one would save a drowning child without hesitation, even at the cost of their clothing, yet fails to act similarly when it comes to donating to help a sick child on the other side of the world. This illustrates the irrationality often seen in our moral behavior, as we instinctively respond to nearby needs while disregarding those who are distant. The thought experiment raises questions about our moral obligations to others and the way we prioritize urgent versus remote suffering.
Moism and Consequentialism
Moism is presented as an early form of consequentialism, emphasizing actions that produce benefits for society rather than individuals. The Moists advocate for a communal approach to well-being, focusing on essential goods like wealth, population growth, and social order, rather than personal pleasures. Their ethical framework, with its test of benefit, suggests that extravagant actions are to be avoided in favor of those that enhance communal welfare. The Moists’ ideas draw parallels with consequentialist thinkers like Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, indicating that such concepts were not solely Western innovations.
Impartial Care and Filial Piety
The principle of 'jian ai', or inclusive care, is a central theme in Moism, promoting the idea that individuals should care for others impartially rather than prioritizing personal connections. The Moists argue that emotional bonds can lead to partiality, which can hinder the overall well-being of society. They assert that the practice of caring for others should not detract from familial affection, but instead can coexist, benefiting both personal and collective interests. This perspective highlights a significant tension between the Moists and Confucians, whose moral framework emphasizes familial ties over broader social obligations.
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Exploring Moism: Ethics, Consequences, and Impartial Care