William MacAskill, a prominent philosopher and author of "What We Owe the Future," dives into the philosophy of longtermism, urging us to consider our impact on future generations. He addresses the ethics of our actions today and challenges the prioritization of immediate benefits over the long-term well-being of humanity. MacAskill also explores the limitations of democracy in planning for the future and emphasizes the moral imperatives of effective altruism in making responsible choices that benefit society and the generations to come.
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Longtermism: A Cosmic Perspective
Longtermism emphasizes the immense scale and stakes of the future, urging us to consider the long-term consequences of our actions.
It suggests we should prioritize shaping a positive future lasting thousands, millions, or even billions of years.
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Temporal Discounting vs. Longtermism
Temporal discounting, often used in economics, undervalues future benefits and harms.
Longtermism argues against this, emphasizing that future lives should be valued similarly to present lives.
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Obligations to Future Generations
William MacAskill acknowledges we have extra reasons to care about the present generation, like special relationships and reciprocity.
However, future people deserve at least what we owe present strangers, significantly impacting our moral actions.
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In this book, William MacAskill advocates for longtermism, the idea that positively influencing the long-term future is a key moral priority. He argues that future people count, there could be many of them, and we can make their lives better. MacAskill discusses various threats to humanity, including climate change, AI misalignment, and pandemics, and proposes strategies to ensure civilization's survival and improve its trajectory. The book explores moral and philosophical issues surrounding longtermism, including the risks of human extinction, civilizational collapse, and technological stagnation, while offering a measured optimism about the future's potential for human flourishing[1][5][4].
It’s always a little humbling to think about what affects your words and actions might have on other people, not only right now but potentially well into the future. Now take that humble feeling and promote it to all of humanity, and arbitrarily far in time. How do our actions as a society affect all the potential generations to come? William MacAskill is best known as a founder of the Effective Altruism movement, and is now the author of What We Owe the Future. In this new book he makes the case for longtermism: the idea that we should put substantial effort into positively influencing the long-term future. We talk about the pros and cons of that view, including the underlying philosophical presuppositions.
Mindscape listeners can get 50% off What We Owe the Future, thanks to a partnership between the Forethought Foundation and Bookshop.org. Just click here and use code MINDSCAPE50 at checkout.
William (Will) MacAskill received his D.Phil. in philosophy from the University of Oxford. He is currently an associate professor of philosophy at Oxford, as well as a research fellow at the Global Priorities Institute, director of the Forefront Foundation for Global Priorities Research, President of the Centre for Effective Altruism, and co-founder of 80,000 hours and Giving What We Can.
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