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Mayo Clinic Talks

Rheumatology Edition | Sjogren’s Syndrome “The Basics”

Feb 1, 2024
Dr. Alicia M. Hinze discusses Sjogren's Syndrome, an autoimmune disorder with symptoms of dry mouth and dry eyes. It can mimic other medical conditions and is often diagnosed late. Learn about the challenges in diagnosing and treating it, as well as the use of new tests and treatment options. Discover the overlap between Sjogren's Syndrome and inflammatory arthritis, and the importance of ruling out other causes. Treatment options include immunosuppressant medications, but there is an increased risk of lymphoma for patients.
25:38

Episode guests

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Quick takeaways

  • Sjogren's syndrome can be challenging to diagnose due to its varied symptoms and mimicry of other medical conditions, but tests such as antibodies and rheumatoid factor can help confirm the diagnosis.
  • The typical presentation of Sjogren's syndrome includes dry eyes and dry mouth, but other symptoms like joint pain, fatigue, and neurological complications can also occur, highlighting the importance of evaluating for possible overlapping conditions or mimicking diseases.

Deep dives

Diagnostic Challenges and Treatment Options for Schulgren's Syndrome

Establishing a correct diagnosis of Schulgren's syndrome can be challenging due to its varied and often insidious onset of symptoms. Patients commonly present with dry mouth and dry eyes, but symptoms can vary from person to person. The delayed recognition and mimicry of other medical conditions contribute to the difficulty in diagnosis. Tests such as ANA, SSA, and SSB antibodies, as well as rheumatoid factor, are helpful in confirming the diagnosis. While there is no absolute cure for Schulgren's syndrome, various symptomatic treatments, including over-the-counter dry mouth products and secretagogues, can help manage the dryness. If inflammatory arthritis is present, medications like hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate may be used.

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