CultureLab: Jen Gunter on the taboo science of menstruation
Apr 8, 2024
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Gynecologist Jen Gunter discusses the taboo science of menstruation by exploring the biology and health aspects of periods. Topics include the evolution of menstruation in humans, debunking menstrual myths, breaking the silence surrounding periods, and advocating for menstrual equality and support in society.
Understanding menstruation is crucial for overall health regardless of pregnancy intentions.
Menstruation reflects evolutionary diversity in reproductive strategies among mammals, showcasing its complexity in different species.
Deep dives
Understanding Menstruation and Its Impact on Health
Menstruation plays a crucial role in both reproduction and overall health, yet it can be a challenging topic to discuss openly. For some individuals, menstrual periods can be debilitatingly painful, leading to missed work or school days. Gynecologist Jen Gunter highlights that understanding one's period is essential for grasping overall health, regardless of pregnancy intentions. She elucidates how menstruation involves intricate physiological processes, including the preparation of the uterine lining for implantation and the significant contractions during menstruation.
Physical Aspects of Menstruation: Contractions, Cramps, and Pain
During menstruation, the uterus experiences strong contractions, generating significant force akin to labor contractions. This forceful action is essential to expel the uterine lining and blood, resulting in menstrual bleeding. The intensity of menstrual pain varies among individuals, influenced by factors like sensitivity to chemicals, hormonal levels, and the presence of prostaglandins. Dr. Gunter emphasizes the complexity and variability of pain experiences associated with menstruation, shedding light on the multifaceted nature of menstrual cramps.
Uniqueness of Menstruation in Mammals
Menstruation is a unique biological phenomenon observed not only in humans but also in certain primates, bats, spiny mice, and elephant shrews. Dr. Gunter highlights the evolutionary diversity in reproductive strategies among mammals, showcasing how menstruation reflects the complexity of reproduction in different species. By contrasting menstruation with estrus cycles observed in other animals, she underscores the distinctiveness of human reproductive biology and the physiological processes behind menstruation.
Navigating Menopause: A Critical Physiological Transition
Menopause, a natural phase in a person's life, represents a profound physiological transition akin to puberty. Dr. Gunter elucidates that menopause is an evolutionary adaptation, signaling the end of reproductive capabilities. She emphasizes the importance of understanding menopause as a normal process, dispelling myths and alarmist attitudes surrounding this life stage. Highlighting the significance of hormone therapy for managing menopausal symptoms, she advocates for comprehensive healthcare support and research to enhance understanding and care for menopausal individuals.
Half of the human population undergoes the menstrual cycle for a significant proportion of their lifetimes, yet periods remain a taboo topic in public and private life. And that makes it harder both to prioritise necessary scientific research into conditions like endometriosis and for people to understand the basics of how their bodies work.
Blood: The Science, Medicine, and Mythology of Menstruation isgynaecologist Jen Gunter’s latest book. In this practical guide, she dispels social, historical and medical myths about menstruation and offers answers to your biggest period-related questions – including why we menstruate in the first place, when a missed period is a health concern and “how heavy is too heavy?”
In this episode, Christie Taylor speaks to Gunter about how humans are part of an exclusive club of menstruators in the animal kingdom, the persisting social stigma around menstruation and menopause, and why these processes remain under-researched in science despite their vast importance. Plus, a call from Gunter to take seriously the very individual and sometimes painful experiences people may have with their periods, while also creating more access to menstrual care.
To read about subjects like this and much more, visit newscientist.com.