Ep412 - Nick Lane | The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death
Jan 16, 2024
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Nick Lane, author of 'Transformer: The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death', discusses the significance of the Krebs cycle in understanding the origin of life and energy production, the Cambrian explosion and the evolution of predation, the dream of cells and cancer, health issues related to aging, and the surprising discovery of the influence of Zenon on respiration and its connection to general anesthetics and consciousness.
Understanding the Krebs cycle and its role in both energy generation and the creation of chemical building blocks reveals insights into the origin of life and biological mysteries.
The interplay between respiration, aging, and age-related diseases is influenced by changes in metabolism, gene activity, and the gradual impairment of respiration as a significant factor in the aging process and disease development.
Deep dives
The importance of understanding the chemistry of life and death
In this podcast episode, evolutionary biologist Nick Lane discusses his book 'Transformer' and the deep chemistry of life and death. He highlights that biology has been dominated by the study of genetic information but emphasizes that our living metabolic network, including the Krebs cycle, is also crucial in understanding life. Lane reveals that the Krebs cycle, which involves the stripping of hydrogen atoms from food and feeding them to oxygen, not only generates energy but also created the chemical building blocks for life. Additionally, he explores the link between the Krebs cycle, aging, and consciousness. Understanding this chemistry sheds light on the origin of life and provides insights into biological mysteries.
Unveiling the power of simple chemistry in life
Nick Lane explains that the study of biochemistry reveals the underlying simplicity and universality of life's chemistry. By focusing on the chemistry of carbon dioxide, Lane highlights that all life possesses a connection and similarity due to its reliance on carbon-based chemistry. This understanding enables us to grasp the remarkable ability of carbon dioxide to provide the building blocks of life. Lane also alludes to the potential for life to exist elsewhere in the universe, as carbon-based chemistry offers a versatile foundation for the emergence of life forms.
The connection between respiration, aging, and diseases
The podcast discusses the interplay between respiration, aging, and age-related diseases. Lane explains that as respiration declines and becomes impaired with age, it impacts the Krebs cycle and metabolism. These changes in metabolism, along with the rewiring of gene activity, contribute to the development of cancer, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, Lane touches on the relationship between oxygen, respiration, and aging, shedding light on the gradual impairment of respiration as a significant factor in the aging process.
Unique insights into anesthetics and consciousness
With a surprising revelation, Lane explores the connection between the inert gas xenon, an anesthetic, and respiration. He discusses how xenon interferes with respiration, offering a potential explanation for the working mechanism of general anesthetics. This discovery not only deepens our understanding of anesthesia but also provides insights into the mysterious nature of consciousness. Moreover, Lane highlights the importance of electrical charge and voltage in cellular processes and the role they play in anesthetics and consciousness.
Nick Lane visits Google to discuss his new book “Transformer: The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death.”
What brings the Earth to life, and our own lives to an end?
For decades, biology has been dominated by the study of genetic information. Information is important, but it is only part of what makes us alive. Our inheritance also includes our living metabolic network, a flame passed from generation to generation, right back to the origin of life. In Transformer, biochemist Nick Lane reveals a scientific renaissance that is hiding in plain sight —how the same simple chemistry gives rise to life and causes our demise.
Lane reveals the beautiful, violent world of the Krebs cycle, where hydrogen atoms within our cells are stripped from the carbon skeletons of food and fed to the ravenous beast of oxygen. Yet this same cycle, spinning in reverse, also created the chemical building blocks that enabled the emergence of life on our planet. Now it does both. How can the same pathway create and destroy? What might our study of the Krebs cycle teach us about the mysteries of aging and the hardest problem of all, consciousness?
Transformer unites the story of our planet with the story of our cells—what makes us the way we are, and how it connects us to the origin of life. Enlivened by Lane’s talent for distilling and humanizing complex research, Transformer offers an essential read for anyone fascinated by biology’s great mysteries.