History of Philosophy: India, Africana, China HAP 42 - James Sidbury on African Identity
Dec 22, 2019
James Sidbury, the Andrew W. Mellon Distinguished Professor of Humanities at Rice University, delves into the evolution of a self-conscious African identity among the diaspora. He discusses literary figures like Ignatius Sancho and Phyllis Wheatley, showcasing their role in reshaping 'African' from a negative label to a proud identity. The conversation highlights the significant impact of the American Revolution on Black identity and examines the historical role of Freemasonry, particularly Prince Hall's influence, in uniting African Americans under a shared identity.
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Emergence of African Identity
- Early African identity in the diaspora emerged around the 1760s-1770s among figures like Ignatius Sancho and Phyllis Wheatley.
- This identity was Christianized and aimed to transform ethnic African identities into a unified, "civilized" African identity.
Reclaiming 'African' Identity
- Sancho used irony to reclaim African identity against racist assumptions while Wheatley was serious and evangelical in her usage.
- Both made 'African' a positive self-descriptor, influencing later self-conscious identity formation.
Revolution's Impact on African Identity
- The American Revolution created free Black communities that incubated African identity discussions, especially via Baptists.
- British offers of freedom to slaves led to a diaspora spreading African Baptist congregations and identity.