The Science of Hibernation Explained

Hibernation is a complex physiological state characterized by a dramatic reduction in metabolism, commonly observed in certain animals during seasonal changes. This state, known as torpor, serves as a survival strategy where animals lower their body temperature and metabolic rates to cope with environmental extremes. Notably, hibernation is distinct from sleep; it involves a spectrum of metabolic rates, with differing mechanisms across species, such as bears experiencing only a slight drop in temperature compared to other animals that can reach sub-zero levels. This physiological control allows animals to remain alert to their surroundings even while in a state of hibernation, contrasting sharply with the unresponsiveness seen in medical comas.