HPI 50 - Marie-Hélène Gorisse on Jain Epistemology
Oct 1, 2017
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Explore the Jain theory of knowledge and Jainism's perspective on knowledge. Learn about their theory of inference, the concept of the soul, and their polemic against Buddhist theories. Discover the relationship between color and taste, explore necessary inferences and universal relations, and delve into Jainism's connection to ethics and non-violence.
Jaina epistemologists focused on inferential reasoning and logical considerations to attain knowledge and contributed to the development of a regulated debating hall.
Jainism's metaphysical framework aims to eliminate the interaction between karma and souls to achieve a non-limited state of consciousness, with spiritual leaders' teachings considered authoritative.
Deep dives
Jaina Epistemology and Debating Network of Indian Philosophical Schools
Jaina epistemologists and logicians contributed to the development of a regulated debating hall, which played a central role in Indian philosophy during the 2nd to 11th century. They focused on inferential reasoning as the best method to attain knowledge, with logical considerations serving epistemological purposes. Jaina philosophy emerged as a reaction to the Vedic corpus's ritualistic focus, highlighting inner spiritual practices. Jaina philosophers were one of the three main participants along with Buddhist and Hindu philosophers in these debates.
Jainism's Metaphysics and Soul-World Relationship
Jainism is a religious and philosophical tradition centered on ethics and metaphysics. Jaina metaphysics aims to secure human responsibility and self-identity. The metaphysical framework consists of a dualism where souls are single-celled independent entities comprising consciousness, while non-soul matter (karma) shapes limited mental states based on ethical acts. The ultimate goal is to eliminate the interaction between karma and souls to realize a non-limited state of consciousness. Jain philosophers believe that their spiritual leaders have achieved omniscience, thereby making their teachings authoritative.
Jaina Theory of Non-One-Sidedness and Epistemology of Viewpoints
Jaina epistemologists developed the theory of non-one-sidedness, known as anekantavada, which emphasizes perspectivism. They argue that truth and knowledge are attained through adopting various viewpoints or perspectives. These viewpoints are not limited to philosophical theories but also extend to practical contexts such as interpreting monastic rules or adapting to different social roles. Jain philosophers accept inferences based on the succession or co-presence of phenomena and recognize a deeper regularity of worldly phenomena than other schools. They refute rival epistemologies by exposing the limitations of one-sided claims.