Where support for Germany’s far-right AFD is growing and why
Feb 6, 2025
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Laura Hood, a Senior politics editor focused on European politics, is joined by Rolf Frankenberger, an expert on right-wing extremism from the University of Tübingen. They delve into the rising support for Germany's far-right AFD party, emphasizing its shift from Euroscepticism to nationalism anchored in anti-immigration rhetoric. The discussion highlights the historical roots of Völkisch nationalism, the growing urban-rural divide in political allegiance, and how societal shifts and figures like Elon Musk are influencing this alarming trend.
The AFD's rise to prominence in Germany highlights a disturbing trend toward nationalism and anti-immigration sentiments, fueled by historical social divides.
Expectations surrounding coalition building may change as mainstream parties face pressure to engage with the far-right AFD, potentially normalizing extremist viewpoints in politics.
Deep dives
The Upcoming Snap Election and Its Implications
Germany is poised for a snap election on February 23rd following the collapse of Olaf Scholz's coalition government due to disagreements over economic policies and energy plans. This election is significant as the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) is projected to achieve its highest vote share in history, polling around 20%. The political landscape is of particular concern given Germany's historical context, creating apprehension about the implications of a strong far-right presence in parliament. Observers note that the AFD's success in this election could challenge established norms about coalition building in German politics.
The Rise of the Alternative for Germany
The Alternative for Germany (AFD) initially emerged from a Eurosceptic platform focused on economic issues but has since shifted its emphasis toward anti-immigration rhetoric. This pivot was fueled by isolated incidents of violence involving migrants, which the AFD has leveraged to galvanize support by positioning itself as a defender against immigration. Such trends are troubling for European observers, especially considering Germany's unique historical burden regarding far-right extremism. Polling suggests that the AFD could become the second-largest party in the upcoming election, raising questions about potential shifts in coalition dynamics.
Coalition Futures and Extreme Right Engagement
Coalition politics in Germany typically favor negotiations among multiple parties rather than unfettered majority rule, complicating predictions about the AFD's influence in government. Establishing a coalition with the AFD remains contentious, as mainstream parties previously maintained a barrier against collaboration with far-right factions. Recent developments, such as a center-right party partnering with the AFD on legislative matters, have ignited discussions about the potential normalization of far-right elements in mainstream dialogue. The outcome of the election could exacerbate tensions within coalition negotiations and the broader political discourse.
Geographical Disparities in AFD Support
The support for the AFD varies significantly across Germany, being notably stronger in eastern regions compared to the west, a divide rooted in historical and socio-economic factors. In Eastern Germany, post-reunification challenges have left many feeling disenfranchised, creating fertile ground for the AFD's messages of nationalism and state skepticism. Conversely, urbanized regions typically show resilience against AFD rhetoric due to their more diverse and progressive populations. This dynamic is emblematic of a broader urban-rural divide where economic fears and local cultural identities are pivotal in shaping voter preferences, aligning with patterns observed in other nations facing similar populist movements.
As Germany heads towards elections on February 23, the far-right Alternative for Germany (AFD) is polling in second place on 20% of the national vote. The AFD's roots are in nationalistic and racist movements. It continues to take an ultra anti-immigration stance and is calling for "demigration" – effectively the deportation of migrants.
In this episode, Rolf Frankenberger, an expert on right-wing extremism at the University of Tübingen in Germany, talks to Laura Hood, senior politics editor at The Conversation, about where the AFD draws its support from and what type of Germany it wants to return to.